提出动态调度框架,让本地小模型高效参与大模型任务,降低成本且不丢精度。
HERA: Hybrid Edge-cloud Resource Allocation for Cost-Efficient AI Agents
- 按任务迭代粒度智能分配子任务到本地或云端模型
- 提升9.1%准确率,本地模型使用率提高10.8%,45.67%任务可本地处理
- 适合追求低成本部署的AI Agent开发者
大型语言模型(LLM)如GPT-4在云上运行,导致高昂成本。随着本地小型语言模型(SLM)性能提升,纯云处理的必要性受到挑战。一个AI代理的响应包含多个子任务或迭代。现有方法仅对单个请求在SLM与LLM间分配以保证输出一致,但在代理场景中逐个子任务分配无效,因SLM会生成不同后续任务,影响最终结果。本文通过实验分析代理操作特征,提出轻量级调度器AIMS,根据子任务特征动态决定其执行位置,尽可能使用本地SLM同时保持精度。实验表明,相比HybridLLM,AIMS提升准确率最高达9.1%,本地模型使用率提升10.8%,将45.67%的子任务卸载至本地,平均精度接近纯云方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In the realm of AI, large language models (LLMs) like GPT-4, central to the operation of AI agents, predominantly operate in the cloud, incurring high operational costs. With local-based small language models (SLMs) becoming more accurate, the necessity of cloud-exclusive processing is being reconsidered. An AI agent's response to a user's request comprises a series of subtasks or iterations. Existing approaches only allocate a single request between SLM and LLM to ensure their outputs are similar, but adopting this approach in the AI agent scenario for assigning each subtask is not effective since SLM will output a different subsequent subtask, which affects the accuracy of the final output. In this paper, we first conduct experimental analysis to understand the features of AI agent operations. Leveraging our findings, we propose the Adaptive Iteration-level Model Selector (AIMS), a lightweight scheduler to automatically partition AI agent's subtasks between local-based SLM and cloud-based LLM. AIMS considers the varying subtask features and strategically decides the location for each subtask in order to use SLM as much as possible while attaining the accuracy level. Our experimental results demonstrate that AIMS increases accuracy by up to 9.1% and SLM usage by up to 10.8% compared to HybridLLM. It offloads 45.67% of subtasks to a local SLM while attaining similar accuracy on average compared with the cloud-only LLM approach.
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