arXiv:2504.00540cs.LG2025-04

无需真实数据,高效压缩图神经网络知识

Adversarial Curriculum Graph-Free Knowledge Distillation for Graph Neural Networks

  • 用二值化分布建模图结构,降低伪图空间复杂度
  • 提升学生模型维度并复用教师分类器,解决维度不匹配
  • 引入对比学习策略,渐进式学习图结构,适合图神经网络压缩

数据无关的知识蒸馏(DFKD)通过生成器构建伪样本,无需真实数据即可将教师模型的知识迁移到学生模型。然而,图数据的非网格结构和拓扑差异使得视觉领域的方法失效。本文提出一种无图知识蒸馏方法(ACGKD),利用二值化混凝土分布建模图结构,并引入空间复杂度调节参数,在不损失蒸馏质量的前提下显著降低伪图的空间复杂度。该方法实现图结构的高效梯度计算,加速整体训练过程。同时,通过增加学生模型维度并复用教师分类器,消除模型间维度歧义;进一步引入基于对比学习(CL)的策略,使学生逐步学习图结构。大量实验表明,ACGKD在无训练数据条件下实现了图神经网络知识蒸馏的最先进性能。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Data-free Knowledge Distillation (DFKD) is a method that constructs pseudo-samples using a generator without real data, and transfers knowledge from a teacher model to a student by enforcing the student to overcome dimensional differences and learn to mimic the teacher's outputs on these pseudo-samples. In recent years, various studies in the vision domain have made notable advancements in this area. However, the varying topological structures and non-grid nature of graph data render the methods from the vision domain ineffective. Building upon prior research into differentiable methods for graph neural networks, we propose a fast and high-quality data-free knowledge distillation approach in this paper. Without compromising distillation quality, the proposed graph-free KD method (ACGKD) significantly reduces the spatial complexity of pseudo-graphs by leveraging the Binary Concrete distribution to model the graph structure and introducing a spatial complexity tuning parameter. This approach enables efficient gradient computation for the graph structure, thereby accelerating the overall distillation process. Additionally, ACGKD eliminates the dimensional ambiguity between the student and teacher models by increasing the student's dimensions and reusing the teacher's classifier. Moreover, it equips graph knowledge distillation with a CL-based strategy to ensure the student learns graph structures progressively. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ACGKD achieves state-of-the-art performance in distilling knowledge from GNNs without training data.

图神经网络知识蒸馏数据无关对比学习

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