用卫星影像引导,把低分辨率生物量图升采样到10米级,精度更高。
GSR4B: Biomass Map Super-Resolution with Sentinel-1/2 Guidance
- 将生物量地图超分辨率问题建模为多尺度引导超分,利用哨兵1/2影像作指导
- 在公开数据集上比直接回归降低780吨/公顷均方误差,感知质量提升2.0 dB
- 适合需要全球高分辨率生物量制图的研究与碳汇、生态监测应用
在大尺度和高时空分辨率下精确绘制地上生物量(AGB)地图,对气候建模、生物多样性评估及可持续供应链监测至关重要。当前细粒度的生物量制图依赖昂贵的机载激光扫描,通常仅限于区域范围;而如欧空局ESA CCI的地图虽覆盖全球,但分辨率较粗。为实现全球高分辨率(HR)制图,已有研究尝试从哨兵1/2等高分辨率卫星影像回归生物量。本文提出一种新方法:结合高分辨率卫星观测与现有低分辨率(LR)生物量产品,将此问题建模为有引导的超分辨率(GSR),目标是将100米分辨率的生物量图升采样至10米,使用同位置的高分辨率卫星图像作为引导。在公开的BioMassters数据集上,对比了有无引导的超分辨率与直接回归方法。结果显示,多尺度引导(MSG)在回归(RMSE -780 t/ha)和感知质量(PSNR +2.0 dB)上均优于直接回归,且更准确捕捉高生物量值,计算开销无显著增加。有趣的是,尽管最初设计用于RGB+Depth场景,表现最佳的生物量超分辨率方法反而最能保持引导影像纹理。结果有力支持采用GSR框架进行规模化高精度生物量制图。代码与模型权重已公开(https://github.com/kaankaramanofficial/GSR4B)。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Accurate Above-Ground Biomass (AGB) mapping at both large scale and high spatio-temporal resolution is essential for applications ranging from climate modeling to biodiversity assessment, and sustainable supply chain monitoring. At present, fine-grained AGB mapping relies on costly airborne laser scanning acquisition campaigns usually limited to regional scales. Initiatives such as the ESA CCI map attempt to generate global biomass products from diverse spaceborne sensors but at a coarser resolution. To enable global, high-resolution (HR) mapping, several works propose to regress AGB from HR satellite observations such as ESA Sentinel-1/2 images. We propose a novel way to address HR AGB estimation, by leveraging both HR satellite observations and existing low-resolution (LR) biomass products. We cast this problem as Guided Super-Resolution (GSR), aiming at upsampling LR biomass maps (sources) from $100$ to $10$ m resolution, using auxiliary HR co-registered satellite images (guides). We compare super-resolving AGB maps with and without guidance, against direct regression from satellite images, on the public BioMassters dataset. We observe that Multi-Scale Guidance (MSG) outperforms direct regression both for regression ($-780$ t/ha RMSE) and perception ($+2.0$ dB PSNR) metrics, and better captures high-biomass values, without significant computational overhead. Interestingly, unlike the RGB+Depth setting they were originally designed for, our best-performing AGB GSR approaches are those that most preserve the guide image texture. Our results make a strong case for adopting the GSR framework for accurate HR biomass mapping at scale. Our code and model weights are made publicly available (https://github.com/kaankaramanofficial/GSR4B).
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