改用最近角替代中心点,提升跨域3D检测的定位鲁棒性。
CornerPoint3D: Look at the Nearest Corner Instead of the Center
- 以最近角替代物体中心作为监督目标,增强对近距表面的感知。
- 新设计的两个评估指标更关注靠近LiDAR的表面检测性能。
- 在多个跨域场景中优于传统中心点方法,适合自动驾驶实车应用。
3D目标检测旨在从激光雷达点云中预测物体中心、尺寸和朝向。然而,激光雷达仅捕捉物体近侧信息,导致基于中心的检测器在跨域任务中因点分布差异而定位不准。现有评估指标也因数据集尺寸差异易过拟合。本文提出核心问题:跨域应用时,是否必须保持整个3D边界框的高精度?实际上,车辆避障更依赖于对近距表面的准确预测。为此,我们从实用角度重新思考跨域3D检测,提出两个新指标,用于评估模型对靠近LiDAR表面的检测能力。同时引入EdgeHead,引导模型聚焦可学习的近表面特征,显著提升跨域性能。进一步提出CornerPoint3D——基于CenterPoint的新型检测器,使用热图监督最近角的学习与检测。该方法在整体边界框质量和近距表面定位间取得平衡,在多个跨域任务中超越CenterPoint,提供更合理且鲁棒的解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
3D object detection aims to predict object centers, dimensions, and rotations from LiDAR point clouds. Despite its simplicity, LiDAR captures only the near side of objects, making center-based detectors prone to poor localization accuracy in cross-domain tasks with varying point distributions. Meanwhile, existing evaluation metrics designed for single-domain assessment also suffer from overfitting due to dataset-specific size variations. A key question arises: Do we really need models to maintain excellent performance in the entire 3D bounding boxes after being applied across domains? Actually, one of our main focuses is on preventing collisions between vehicles and other obstacles, especially in cross-domain scenarios where correctly predicting the sizes is much more difficult. To address these issues, we rethink cross-domain 3D object detection from a practical perspective. We propose two new metrics that evaluate a model's ability to detect objects' closer-surfaces to the LiDAR sensor. Additionally, we introduce EdgeHead, a refinement head that guides models to focus more on learnable closer surfaces, significantly improving cross-domain performance under both our new and traditional BEV/3D metrics. Furthermore, we argue that predicting the nearest corner rather than the object center enhances robustness. We propose a novel 3D object detector, coined as CornerPoint3D, which is built upon CenterPoint and uses heatmaps to supervise the learning and detection of the nearest corner of each object. Our proposed methods realize a balanced trade-off between the detection quality of entire bounding boxes and the locating accuracy of closer surfaces to the LiDAR sensor, outperforming the traditional center-based detector CenterPoint in multiple cross-domain tasks and providing a more practically reasonable and robust cross-domain 3D object detection solution.
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