用阴影引导排列不规则3D物体，实现高密度紧凑布局
RASP: Revisiting 3D Anamorphic Art for Shadow-Guided Packing of Irregular Objects
- 基于可微渲染，通过阴影优化实现不规则物体的紧凑排布
- 最小化物体间距，逼近容器最大占用率，支持复杂形状交互
- 适用于零件装配与多视角艺术创作，适合3D设计与生成任务
近期学习方法为计算模型理解与探索视觉艺术形式（如影子画、折纸、素描）开辟了新途径。本文聚焦3D错视艺术——从特定视角观察时，一组任意形状的3D物体呈现真实有意义的表达，而其他视角则失去结构。我们利用该艺术特性，提出RASP：一种基于可微渲染的框架，通过阴影（或轮廓）引导优化，在有限空间内对不规则3D物体进行排列，目标是最小化物体间间距并实现近最大占用率。此外，提出新型SDF公式处理物体间交叠与容器外扩问题。实验表明，RASP可扩展至零件装配任务，将3D物体视为更大物体的“部件”。最后，展示了多视角错视艺术实例，在单一组合中实现多个视角下的有意义表达。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Recent advancements in learning-based methods have opened new avenues for exploring and interpreting art forms, such as shadow art, origami, and sketch art, through computational models. One notable visual art form is 3D Anamorphic Art in which an ensemble of arbitrarily shaped 3D objects creates a realistic and meaningful expression when observed from a particular viewpoint and loses its coherence over the other viewpoints. In this work, we build on insights from 3D Anamorphic Art to perform 3D object arrangement. We introduce RASP, a differentiable-rendering-based framework to arrange arbitrarily shaped 3D objects within a bounded volume via shadow (or silhouette)-guided optimization with an aim of minimal inter-object spacing and near-maximal occupancy. Furthermore, we propose a novel SDF-based formulation to handle inter-object intersection and container extrusion. We demonstrate that RASP can be extended to part assembly alongside object packing considering 3D objects to be "parts" of another 3D object. Finally, we present artistic illustrations of multi-view anamorphic art, achieving meaningful expressions from multiple viewpoints within a single ensemble.
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