用动态生成任务评估大模型是否真会推理,避免记忆干扰。
Generative Evaluation of Complex Reasoning in Large Language Models
- 用大模型+符号引擎生成可调难度的多轮推理题
- 23个模型在100个领域5000题中表现超本科生
- 适合研究模型真实推理能力的学者与工程师
随着大型语言模型(LLMs)展现出超越人类的推理能力,一个关键问题浮现:这些模型是真正具备推理能力,还是仅从海量网络训练数据中回忆答案?公开基准一旦被用于后续模型训练,就会被污染,导致评估失效。为此,我们提出KUMO——一种专为评估大模型推理能力而设计的生成式评估框架。KUMO通过将大模型与符号引擎结合,动态生成多样、多轮、部分可观测且难度可调的推理任务。借助自动化流程,KUMO持续在开放领域生成全新任务,迫使模型展现真正的泛化能力而非记忆。我们在100个领域生成的5,000个任务上评估了23个前沿大模型,对比其表现与大学生水平。结果表明,许多模型在简单任务上已超越大学水平,在复杂任务上,经过推理能力量化的模型达到大学级表现。此外,模型在KUMO任务上的表现与新发布的真实世界推理基准高度相关,证明KUMO是评估大模型真实推理能力的可靠、持久工具。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
With powerful large language models (LLMs) demonstrating superhuman reasoning capabilities, a critical question arises: Do LLMs genuinely reason, or do they merely recall answers from their extensive, web-scraped training datasets? Publicly released benchmarks inevitably become contaminated once incorporated into subsequent LLM training sets, undermining their reliability as faithful assessments. To address this, we introduce KUMO, a generative evaluation framework designed specifically for assessing reasoning in LLMs. KUMO synergistically combines LLMs with symbolic engines to dynamically produce diverse, multi-turn reasoning tasks that are partially observable and adjustable in difficulty. Through an automated pipeline, KUMO continuously generates novel tasks across open-ended domains, compelling models to demonstrate genuine generalization rather than memorization. We evaluated 23 state-of-the-art LLMs on 5,000 tasks across 100 domains created by KUMO, benchmarking their reasoning abilities against university students. Our findings reveal that many LLMs have outperformed university-level performance on easy reasoning tasks, and reasoning-scaled LLMs reach university-level performance on complex reasoning challenges. Moreover, LLM performance on KUMO tasks correlates strongly with results on newly released real-world reasoning benchmarks, underscoring KUMO's value as a robust, enduring assessment tool for genuine LLM reasoning capabilities.
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