arXiv:2504.02867cs.CLcs.AI2025-04被引 9

自动设计个性化大模型裁判,提升文本生成评估准确性与人类判断一致性。

Multi-Agent LLM Judge: automatic personalized LLM judge design for evaluating natural language generation applications

  • 构建多智能体系统动态优化评估提示,自适应不同文本风格。
  • 评估得分与人类判断相关性显著提升,准确率优于现有方法。
  • 适合需要精准、可解释评估的生成式AI研发与评测人员使用。

大语言模型在多个领域表现优异,但仍存在领域知识不足、偏见和幻觉等问题,亟需可靠的评估方法。传统基于词重叠或文本嵌入的评估方式难以捕捉开放生成任务中的语义细节。近期研究采用大模型模拟人类推理进行评估(即LLM-as-a-judge),但存在两大缺陷:一是无法适应不同答案与参考文本风格,泛化能力差;二是评分偏差大、可解释性低,与人类判断相关性弱。为此,本文提出一种新型动态多智能体系统,可自动为各类自然语言生成应用设计个性化大模型裁判。该系统通过迭代优化评估提示,在下游任务适应性与人类感知对齐之间实现平衡。实验表明,所提框架不仅提升了评估准确性,且评分更贴近人类判断。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across diverse domains, yet they still encounter challenges such as insufficient domain-specific knowledge, biases, and hallucinations. This underscores the need for robust evaluation methodologies to accurately assess LLM-based applications. Traditional evaluation methods, which rely on word overlap or text embeddings, are inadequate for capturing the nuanced semantic information necessary to evaluate dynamic, open-ended text generation. Recent research has explored leveraging LLMs to mimic human reasoning and decision-making processes for evaluation purposes known as LLM-as-a-judge framework. However, these existing frameworks have two significant limitations. First, they lack the flexibility to adapt to different text styles, including various answer and ground truth styles, thereby reducing their generalization performance. Second, the evaluation scores produced by these frameworks are often skewed and hard to interpret, showing a low correlation with human judgment. To address these challenges, we propose a novel dynamic multi-agent system that automatically designs personalized LLM judges for various natural language generation applications. This system iteratively refines evaluation prompts and balances the trade-off between the adaptive requirements of downstream tasks and the alignment with human perception. Our experimental results show that the proposed multi-agent LLM Judge framework not only enhances evaluation accuracy compared to existing methods but also produces evaluation scores that better align with human perception.

大模型评估多智能体生成质量

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