arXiv:2504.03500cs.ROcs.LG2025-04ICRA被引 5

用双臂协作让机器人轻松抓取大扁平物体,无需额外移动。

Learning Dual-Arm Coordination for Grasping Large Flat Objects

  • 基于深度强化学习,通过双臂协同完成抓取动作。
  • 在仿真与真实机器人上均实现90%以上成功率,且无需微调。
  • 适用于未见过的物体,适合工业分拣与家庭服务场景。

抓取如书本或键盘等水平放置的大扁平物体对单臂机器人构成挑战,常需推至墙边或边缘等额外操作。双臂协作模仿人类灵巧性,可直接协调双手完成抓取,避免复杂重定位。本文提出一种无模型深度强化学习(DRL)框架,用于双臂协同抓取大扁平物体。采用大规模抓取位姿检测模型作为主干网络,从输入图像提取高维特征,作为强化学习(RL)的状态表示。使用共享演员-评论家结构的卷积神经网络改进近端策略优化(CNN-based PPO)算法,学习双臂协同抓取动作。系统在Isaac Gym中训练并部署至真实机器人。实验表明,该策略无需额外操作即可有效抓取大扁平物体,且具备强泛化能力,能成功处理未见物体。重要的是,该策略可直接迁移至真实机器人而无需微调,持续优于基线方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Grasping large flat objects, such as books or keyboards lying horizontally, presents significant challenges for single-arm robotic systems, often requiring extra actions like pushing objects against walls or moving them to the edge of a surface to facilitate grasping. In contrast, dual-arm manipulation, inspired by human dexterity, offers a more refined solution by directly coordinating both arms to lift and grasp the object without the need for complex repositioning. In this paper, we propose a model-free deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework to enable dual-arm coordination for grasping large flat objects. We utilize a large-scale grasp pose detection model as a backbone to extract high-dimensional features from input images, which are then used as the state representation in a reinforcement learning (RL) model. A CNN-based Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm with shared Actor-Critic layers is employed to learn coordinated dual-arm grasp actions. The system is trained and tested in Isaac Gym and deployed to real robots. Experimental results demonstrate that our policy can effectively grasp large flat objects without requiring additional maneuvers. Furthermore, the policy exhibits strong generalization capabilities, successfully handling unseen objects. Importantly, it can be directly transferred to real robots without fine-tuning, consistently outperforming baseline methods.

双臂协作抓取强化学习机器人

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