通过动态压缩视觉令牌,提升多模态模型效率与视觉推理能力。
LEO-MINI: An Efficient Multimodal Large Language Model using Conditional Token Reduction and Mixture of Multi-Modal Experts
- 用相似性融合视觉与文本令牌,减少冗余视觉输入
- 引入多模态专家混合机制,显著增强视觉理解能力
- 适合追求高效高精度多模态推理的开发者使用
多模态大语言模型中的视觉令牌冗余严重降低计算效率。现有方法如重采样和摘要化虽减少视觉令牌数,但损害视觉推理能力。为此,我们提出LEO-MINI,一种新型高效多模态大模型,大幅减少视觉令牌数量并同时提升视觉推理性能。为提高效率,LEO-MINI采用CoTR模块,基于视觉令牌、文本令牌与紧凑可学习查询之间的相似性,将大量视觉令牌合并为更少令牌。为提升效果,引入MMoE模块——一种新型多模态专家混合结构,包含基于输入文本与视觉令牌动态切换的LoRA专家,以及始终激活的通用LoRA专家以学习通用知识。此外,还部署多个在多样化领域数据上训练的视觉专家以提取更丰富特征。在多个基准视觉-语言任务上评估表明,LEO-MINI在保持高效的同时显著优于现有高效多模态模型。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Redundancy of visual tokens in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) significantly reduces their computational efficiency. Recent approaches, such as resamplers and summarizers, have sought to reduce the number of visual tokens, but at the cost of visual reasoning ability. To address this, we propose LEO-MINI, a novel MLLM that significantly reduces the number of visual tokens and simultaneously boosts visual reasoning capabilities. For efficiency, LEO-MINI incorporates CoTR, a novel token reduction module to consolidate a large number of visual tokens into a smaller set of tokens, using the similarity between visual tokens, text tokens, and a compact learnable query. For effectiveness, to scale up the model's ability with minimal computational overhead, LEO-MINI employs MMoE, a novel mixture of multi-modal experts module. MMOE employs a set of LoRA experts with a novel router to switch between them based on the input text and visual tokens instead of only using the input hidden state. MMoE also includes a general LoRA expert that is always activated to learn general knowledge for LLM reasoning. For extracting richer visual features, MMOE employs a set of vision experts trained on diverse domain-specific data. To demonstrate LEO-MINI's improved efficiency and performance, we evaluate it against existing efficient MLLMs on various benchmark vision-language tasks.
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