用滚动预测模型实时生成流畅动作,解决手部追踪缺失时的运动连贯性问题。
From Sparse Signal to Smooth Motion: Real-Time Motion Generation with Rolling Prediction Models
- 采用滚动预测机制,实时处理稀疏且不连续的动作输入。
- 在输入缺失时仍能生成合理动作,且切换自然无断裂。
- 专为真实虚拟现实场景设计,适合手势追踪应用开发。
在扩展现实(XR)中,生成用户全身动作对理解行为、驱动虚拟化身进行社交互动及营造沉浸感至关重要。以往研究依赖于空间稀疏且持续可用的动作控制器信号,但许多XR应用更倾向于使用视觉手部追踪以降低用户负担并提升沉浸感。相比控制器,手部追踪信号精度较低,且可能长时间丢失。为应对这种不可靠输入,我们提出滚动预测模型(RPM),一种在线实时方法,可从时空稀疏输入中生成平滑的全身动作。该模型在输入存在时生成精确匹配动作(跟踪模式),在输入缺失时生成合理动作(合成模式),且可在两种模式间实现无缝过渡。为验证实际意义,我们构建了GORP数据集——首个来自商用虚拟现实头显的真实稀疏输入数据集,包含28人超过14小时的VR游戏数据,涵盖动作控制器(空间稀疏)和手部追踪(时空稀疏)信号,并配有高质量身体动作真值。我们在合成数据与GORP上对RPM进行基准测试,凸显其在真实场景中处理不可靠输入的能力。代码、预训练模型及数据集已公开。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In extended reality (XR), generating full-body motion of the users is important to understand their actions, drive their virtual avatars for social interaction, and convey a realistic sense of presence. While prior works focused on spatially sparse and always-on input signals from motion controllers, many XR applications opt for vision-based hand tracking for reduced user friction and better immersion. Compared to controllers, hand tracking signals are less accurate and can even be missing for an extended period of time. To handle such unreliable inputs, we present Rolling Prediction Model (RPM), an online and real-time approach that generates smooth full-body motion from temporally and spatially sparse input signals. Our model generates 1) accurate motion that matches the inputs (i.e., tracking mode) and 2) plausible motion when inputs are missing (i.e., synthesis mode). More importantly, RPM generates seamless transitions from tracking to synthesis, and vice versa. To demonstrate the practical importance of handling noisy and missing inputs, we present GORP, the first dataset of realistic sparse inputs from a commercial virtual reality (VR) headset with paired high quality body motion ground truth. GORP provides >14 hours of VR gameplay data from 28 people using motion controllers (spatially sparse) and hand tracking (spatially and temporally sparse). We benchmark RPM against the state of the art on both synthetic data and GORP to highlight how we can bridge the gap for real-world applications with a realistic dataset and by handling unreliable input signals. Our code, pretrained models, and GORP dataset are available in the project webpage.
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