arXiv:2504.07507cs.RO2025-04中稿 · RA-L被引 7

用通道规划提升端到端自动驾驶安全性,减少碰撞66.7%。

Drive in Corridors: Enhancing the Safety of End-to-end Autonomous Driving via Corridor Learning and Planning

  • 以通道作为中间表示,显式约束车辆行驶区域。
  • 在nuScenes上碰撞率降低66.7%,与路缘碰撞减少46.5%。
  • 通道可微优化,适合追求高安全性的自动驾驶研究者。

安全性仍是自动驾驶系统的核心挑战。近年来,端到端驾驶在规模化推进车辆自主性方面展现出巨大潜力,但现有方法常因缺乏显式行为约束而存在安全隐患。为此,本文提出一种新范式:引入通道作为中间表示。通道在机器人规划中广泛使用,代表车辆可通行的时空无障碍区域。为在多样交通场景中准确预测通道,我们构建了包含数据标注、架构优化和损失函数设计的完整学习流程。预测出的通道被集成到轨迹优化过程中,并通过扩展优化过程的可微性,使优化轨迹能无缝嵌入端到端学习框架,从而同时提升安全性与可解释性。在nuScenes数据集上的实验表明,该方法达到当前最优性能,对智能体的碰撞率降低66.7%,对路缘碰撞降低46.5%,显著增强端到端驾驶的安全性。此外,通道引入还提升了闭环评估中的成功率。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Safety remains one of the most critical challenges in autonomous driving systems. In recent years, the end-to-end driving has shown great promise in advancing vehicle autonomy in a scalable manner. However, existing approaches often face safety risks due to the lack of explicit behavior constraints. To address this issue, we uncover a new paradigm by introducing the corridor as the intermediate representation. Widely adopted in robotics planning, the corridors represents spatio-temporal obstacle-free zones for the vehicle to traverse. To ensure accurate corridor prediction in diverse traffic scenarios, we develop a comprehensive learning pipeline including data annotation, architecture refinement and loss formulation. The predicted corridor is further integrated as the constraint in a trajectory optimization process. By extending the differentiability of the optimization, we enable the optimized trajectory to be seamlessly trained within the end-to-end learning framework, improving both safety and interpretability. Experimental results on the nuScenes dataset demonstrate state-of-the-art performance of our approach, showing a 66.7% reduction in collisions with agents and a 46.5% reduction with curbs, significantly enhancing the safety of end-to-end driving. Additionally, incorporating the corridor contributes to higher success rates in closed-loop evaluations. Project page: https://zhiwei-pg.github.io/Drive-in-Corridors.

自动驾驶通道规划安全增强端到端

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