arXiv:2504.08257physics.app-phcs.AI2025-04

用自旋轨道力矩磁隧道结实现贝叶斯推理,存算一体更高效。

Bayesian Reasoning Enabled by Spin-Orbit Torque Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

  • 用SOT-MTJ构建概率前向传播神经网络,参数可优化
  • 无需存储历史数据,训练后直接逼近最优参数
  • 已用于简易医疗诊断系统,适合低存储推理任务

贝叶斯网络在人工智能的数据挖掘、推理与推断中作用日益重要。本文展示了利用自旋轨道力矩磁隧道结(SOT-MTJ)实现贝叶斯网络推理的原理验证实验。不仅可像传统方式通过条件概率表精确表述贝叶斯网络的目标概率分布函数(PDF),还可通过概率前向传播神经网络对其进行定量参数化。此外,借助简单的逐点训练算法,网络参数能逼近最优值,无需记忆全部历史数据,也无需对背后条件概率进行统计汇总,显著提升存储效率并减少数据预处理开销。进一步地,我们基于SOT-MTJ作为随机数生成器和采样器,构建了一个简易医疗诊断系统,验证了SOT-MTJ基贝叶斯推理的实际应用潜力。该方法在人工概率神经网络领域展现出巨大前景,拓展了自旋电子器件的应用范围,并为复杂推理任务提供了一种高效且低存储的解决方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Bayesian networks play an increasingly important role in data mining, inference, and reasoning with the rapid development of artificial intelligence. In this paper, we present proof-of-concept experiments demonstrating the use of spin-orbit torque magnetic tunnel junctions (SOT-MTJs) in Bayesian network reasoning. Not only can the target probability distribution function (PDF) of a Bayesian network be precisely formulated by a conditional probability table as usual but also quantitatively parameterized by a probabilistic forward propagating neuron network. Moreover, the parameters of the network can also approach the optimum through a simple point-by point training algorithm, by leveraging which we do not need to memorize all historical data nor statistically summarize conditional probabilities behind them, significantly improving storage efficiency and economizing data pretreatment. Furthermore, we developed a simple medical diagnostic system using the SOT-MTJ as a random number generator and sampler, showcasing the application of SOT-MTJ-based Bayesian reasoning. This SOT-MTJ-based Bayesian reasoning shows great promise in the field of artificial probabilistic neural network, broadening the scope of spintronic device applications and providing an efficient and low-storage solution for complex reasoning tasks.

贝叶斯推理自旋电子低存储计算

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