用大模型提升推荐系统,自动挑选相似用户行为来优化推荐结果。
AdaptRec: A Self-Adaptive Framework for Sequential Recommendations with Large Language Models
- 分两阶段筛选相似用户,动态调整选择标准。
- 全量微调下最高提升18.16%命中率,少样本时达23%增长。
- 适合想用大模型做推荐的工程师和研究者。
大语言模型在序列推荐任务中展现出巨大潜力,但如何将用户协同信号转化为模型可理解的形式仍具挑战。核心难点在于从海量用户行为中筛选出相关示例,并确保其与大模型推理过程对齐。为此,我们提出 AdaptRec,一种自适应框架,通过显式引入协同信号实现大模型序列推荐。该框架采用双阶段用户选择机制——用户相似度检索与自适应用户选择,基于多指标评估高效识别大规模数据中的相关用户序列。我们设计了基于用户相似度的检索提示,使模型能主动选择相似用户并持续优化选择标准。利用相似用户的行为序列构建用户上下文推荐提示,将其转化为自然语言,显式融入推荐流程。实验表明,AdaptRec 在真实数据集上表现卓越:全量微调下 HitRatio@1 提升 7.13%、18.16% 和 10.41%;少样本场景下更是达到 23.00%、15.97% 和 17.98% 的显著增益。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have generated considerable interest in their utilization for sequential recommendation tasks. While collaborative signals from similar users are central to recommendation modeling, effectively transforming these signals into a format that LLMs can understand and utilize remains challenging. The critical challenges include selecting relevant demonstrations from large-scale user interactions and ensuring their alignment with LLMs' reasoning process. To address these challenges, we introduce AdaptRec, a self-adaptive fram-ework that leverages LLMs for sequential recommendations by incorporating explicit collaborative signals. AdaptRec employs a two-phase user selection mechanism -- User Similarity Retrieval and Self-Adaptive User Selection -- to efficiently identify relevant user sequences in large-scale datasets from multi-metric evaluation. We also develop a User-Based Similarity Retrieval Prompt, enabling the model to actively select similar users and continuously refine its selection criteria during training. Using the collaborative signals from similar users, we construct a User-Contextualized Recommendation Prompt that translates their behavior sequences into natural language, explicitly integrating this information into the recommendation process. Experiments demonstrate AdaptRec's superior performance, with significant improvements in HitRatio@1 scores of 7.13\%, 18.16\%, and 10.41\% across real-world datasets with full fine-tuning, and even higher gains of 23.00\%, 15.97\%, and 17.98\% in few-shot scenarios.
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