用多种机器学习方法识别复杂摇滚乐,最高准确率达76.38%。
Progressive Rock Music Classification
- 提取频谱、梅尔系数等音频特征,用投票策略融合片段预测
- 集成方法中Extra Trees表现最佳,测试准确率达76.38%
- 适合音乐信息检索与风格分类研究者参考
本研究针对以复杂编曲和多样乐器为特征的前卫摇滚音乐分类问题,开展音乐信息检索(MIR)任务。通过Librosa库从歌曲片段中提取频谱图、梅尔频率倒谱系数(MFCCs)、色度图和节拍位置等综合音频特征,并采用胜者为王投票策略将片段级预测聚合为最终歌曲分类结果。对比分析了多种机器学习方法:集成学习包括袋装法(随机森林、ExtraTrees、Bagging分类器)和提升法(XGBoost、梯度提升),并使用主成分分析(PCA)进行降维以应对高维特征的计算压力;同时探索了深度学习模型,设计了名为“Zuck”和“Satya”的自定义1D卷积神经网络,包含特定层结构、归一化与激活函数;此外还微调了先进的音频频谱变换器(AST)模型,利用其注意力机制进行音频分类。在验证集与测试集上的评估显示各模型表现差异明显,其中集成方法如Extra Trees达到最高测试准确率76.38%。本研究为前卫摇滚这一细腻风格的分类任务提供了不同机器学习范式的应用效果与性能比较见解。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This study investigates the classification of progressive rock music, a genre characterized by complex compositions and diverse instrumentation, distinct from other musical styles. Addressing this Music Information Retrieval (MIR) task, we extracted comprehensive audio features, including spectrograms, Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs), chromagrams, and beat positions from song snippets using the Librosa library. A winner-take-all voting strategy was employed to aggregate snippet-level predictions into final song classifications. We conducted a comparative analysis of various machine learning techniques. Ensemble methods, encompassing Bagging (Random Forest, ExtraTrees, Bagging Classifier) and Boosting (XGBoost, Gradient Boosting), were explored, utilizing Principal Component Analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction to manage computational constraints with high-dimensional feature sets. Additionally, deep learning approaches were investigated, including the development of custom 1D Convolutional Neural Network (1D CNN) architectures (named "Zuck" and "Satya") featuring specific layer configurations, normalization, and activation functions. Furthermore, we fine-tuned a state-of-the-art Audio Spectrogram Transformer (AST) model, leveraging its attention-based mechanisms for audio classification. Performance evaluation on validation and test sets revealed varying effectiveness across models, with ensemble methods like Extra Trees achieving test accuracies up to 76.38%. This research provides insights into the application and relative performance of diverse machine learning paradigms for the nuanced task of progressive rock genre classification.
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