通过调控约束满足特性,实现高质量解间的高效跳变。
Moving between high-quality optima using multi-satisfiability characteristics in hard-to-solve Max3Sat instances
- 基于变量依赖与子函数表示,设计多满足性特征优化器
- 在难以求解的Max3Sat实例上显著提升解质量与收敛速度
- 适合解决复杂约束优化问题,尤其适用于传统方法失效场景
灰盒优化通过利用变量依赖关系和基于子函数的问题表示,已证明能有效实现局部最优解间的隧道跳跃,即使涉及大量相关变量的修改。该方法在最大可满足性问题(MaxSat)及其特例Max3Sat中表现优异。然而,对于某些难以求解的Max3Sat实例,传统隧道机制无法引导从高质量局部最优解向全局最优区域移动。本文基于相变理论分析此类实例的特性,提出通过操纵子句满足性特征来连接空间上相距较远的高质量解。所提出的优化器结合典型灰盒机制与多满足性特征,实验表明其能解决现有先进灰盒优化器无法处理的实例,同时对已有成功案例仍保持高效性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Gray-box optimization proposes effective and efficient optimizers of general use. To this end, it leverages information about variable dependencies and the subfunction-based problem representation. These approaches were already shown effective by enabling \textit{tunnelling} between local optima even if these moves require the modification of many dependent variables. Tunnelling is useful in solving the maximum satisfiability problem (MaxSat), which can be reformulated to Max3Sat. Since many real-world problems can be brought to solving the MaxSat/Max3Sat instances, it is important to solve them effectively and efficiently. Therefore, we focus on Max3Sat instances for which tunnelling fails to introduce improving moves between locally optimal high-quality solutions and the region of globally optimal solutions. We analyze the features of such instances on the ground of phase transitions. Based on these observations, we propose manipulating clause-satisfiability characteristics that allow connecting high-quality solutions distant in the solution space. We utilize multi-satisfiability characteristics in the optimizer built from typical gray-box mechanisms. The experimental study shows that the proposed optimizer can solve those Max3Sat instances that are out of the grasp of state-of-the-art gray-box optimizers. At the same time, it remains effective for instances that have already been successfully solved by gray-box.
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