arXiv:2504.12562cs.AIcs.CL2025-04被引 4

用博弈对抗动态评估大模型,避免传统评测的过拟合问题。

ZeroSumEval: Scaling LLM Evaluation with Inter-Model Competition

  • 通过零和博弈构建动态评测环境,防止模型适应固定题库。
  • 7000+次模拟显示顶尖模型在创意类任务中表现差,难生成新挑战。
  • 适合研究模型真实推理与创造力,尤其关注安全与对抗能力。

传统的大语言模型(LLM)评测依赖静态基准数据集、人工评估或基于模型的评价方法,常面临过拟合、成本高和偏差问题。本文提出一种基于竞争的新型评测协议ZeroSumEval,利用零和博弈构建动态基准,有效抵抗评测饱和。该框架涵盖多种游戏类型:安全挑战(PyJail)、经典游戏(国际象棋、说谎骰子、扑克)、知识测试(MathQuiz)以及说服挑战(Gandalf、辩论)。这些任务旨在评估战略推理、规划、知识应用与创造力等多维能力。基于近期游戏评测的有效性研究,ZeroSumEval提供标准化且可扩展的评测体系。我们对13个模型在7种游戏中进行了超7000次仿真实验。结果显示,尽管前沿模型(如GPT、Claude系列)能应对常规游戏与问答,但在需生成新颖且具挑战性问题的任务上表现不佳;同时,它们无法可靠实现彼此越狱,普遍在创造性任务中失败。代码已开源:https://github.com/facebookresearch/ZeroSumEval。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Evaluating the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) has traditionally relied on static benchmark datasets, human assessments, or model-based evaluations - methods that often suffer from overfitting, high costs, and biases. ZeroSumEval is a novel competition-based evaluation protocol that leverages zero-sum games to assess LLMs with dynamic benchmarks that resist saturation. ZeroSumEval encompasses a diverse suite of games, including security challenges (PyJail), classic games (Chess, Liar's Dice, Poker), knowledge tests (MathQuiz), and persuasion challenges (Gandalf, Debate). These games are designed to evaluate a range of AI capabilities such as strategic reasoning, planning, knowledge application, and creativity. Building upon recent studies that highlight the effectiveness of game-based evaluations for LLMs, ZeroSumEval enhances these approaches by providing a standardized and extensible framework. To demonstrate this, we conduct extensive experiments with >7000 simulations across 7 games and 13 models. Our results show that while frontier models from the GPT and Claude families can play common games and answer questions, they struggle to play games that require creating novel and challenging questions. We also observe that models cannot reliably jailbreak each other and fail generally at tasks requiring creativity. We release our code at https://github.com/facebookresearch/ZeroSumEval.

模型评估博弈对抗创造力评测

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