arXiv:2504.12970cs.CV2025-04被引 1

用物理模型生成更真实的缺陷数据,提升工业异常检测效果。

MathPhys-Guided Coarse-to-Fine Anomaly Synthesis with SQE-Driven Bi-Level Optimization for Anomaly Detection

  • 基于三种典型物理缺陷机制生成合成缺陷。
  • 分两阶段优化,先全局结构后局部细节,提升真实感。
  • 通过质量评估器筛选优质样本,适合缺陷检测研究者使用。

当前工业异常检测面临两大瓶颈:(i) 真实缺陷图像稀少,(ii) 合成数据质量难以评估。现有方法(如拼接)忽略缺陷的物理成因,导致合成异常不一致、保真度低,影响模型泛化能力。本文提出一种轻量级合成框架,通过数学-物理模型引导生成缺陷,采用粗到精两阶段优化,并引入合成质量评估器(SQE)驱动双层优化。结合断裂线(FL)、点蚀损失(PL)和塑性畸变(PW)三种典型物理机制,生成高保真缺陷掩码,第一阶段(npcF)基于偏微分方程保证全局一致性,第二阶段(npcF++)进一步提升局部细节。同时利用SQE动态加权,使高质量样本在训练中更具影响力。在MVTec AD、VisA和BTAD三个基准上验证,本方法在图像与像素级AUROC上均达到领先水平,证实了MaPhC2F数据集与BiSQAD方法的有效性。代码将公开。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Currently, industrial anomaly detection suffers from two bottlenecks: (i) the rarity of real-world defect images and (ii) the opacity of sample quality when synthetic data are used. Existing synthetic strategies (e.g., cut-and-paste) overlook the underlying physical causes of defects, leading to inconsistent, low-fidelity anomalies that hamper model generalization to real-world complexities. In this paper, we introduce a novel and lightweight pipeline that generates synthetic anomalies through Math-Phys model guidance, refines them via a Coarse-to-Fine approach and employs a bi-level optimization strategy with a Synthesis Quality Estimator (SQE). By combining physical modeling of the three most typical physics-driven defect mechanisms: Fracture Line (FL), Pitting Loss (PL), and Plastic Warpage (PW), our method produces realistic defect masks, which are subsequently enhanced in two phases. The first stage (npcF) enforces a PDE-based consistency to achieve a globally coherent anomaly structure, while the second stage (npcF++) further improves local fidelity. Additionally, we leverage SQE-driven weighting, ensuring that high-quality synthetic samples receive greater emphasis during training. To validate our method, we conduct experiments on three anomaly detection benchmarks: MVTec AD, VisA, and BTAD. Across these datasets, our method achieves state-of-the-art results in both image- and pixel-AUROC, confirming the effectiveness of our MaPhC2F dataset and BiSQAD method. All code will be released.

异常检测合成数据物理模型缺陷生成

Thank you to arXiv for use of its open access interoperability. PaperDance 不是 arXiv 官方产品;中文卡片由大模型生成,请以原文为准。