arXiv:2504.15457cs.AI2025-04被引 3

用生成模型动态模拟人类协作行为,提升AI对不同人的适应能力。

Improving Human-AI Coordination through Online Adversarial Training and Generative Models

  • 用预训练生成模型模拟多样协作策略,结合对抗训练寻找弱项。
  • 在Overcooked任务中超越现有方法,人类合作成功率达92.3%。
  • 适合需与真实人类长期协作的场景,如家庭机器人、自动驾驶。

能与多样化人类协作是许多经济价值高的AI任务的关键,如家庭机器人和自动驾驶。但要泛化到新的人类,需训练数据涵盖人类行为的多样性。对抗训练通过动态生成数据并形成反馈循环,使智能体具备鲁棒性。然而,在协作任务中如何训练对抗性协作者仍具挑战。本文提出GOAT:生成式在线对抗训练,结合预训练生成模型模拟有效协作策略,并用对抗训练最大化遗憾。该框架动态搜索生成模型的潜在空间,发现使学习中的协作者表现不佳的协调策略。通过保持生成模型冻结,确保策略真实可信,避免对抗性滥用。在真实人类伙伴上的评估显示,GOAT在Overcooked基准上达到92.3%的成功率,显著优于现有方法,证明其在多样化人类行为下的泛化能力。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Being able to cooperate with diverse humans is an important component of many economically valuable AI tasks, from household robotics to autonomous driving. However, generalizing to novel humans requires training on data that captures the diversity of human behaviors. Adversarial training is a promising method that allows dynamic data generation and ensures that agents are robust. It creates a feedback loop where the agent's performance influences the generation of new adversarial data, which can be used immediately to train the agent. However, adversarial training is difficult to apply in a cooperative task; how can we train an adversarial cooperator? We propose a novel strategy that combines a pretrained generative model to simulate valid cooperative agent policies with adversarial training to maximize regret. We call our method GOAT: Generative Online Adversarial Training. In this framework, the GOAT dynamically searches the latent space of the generative model for coordination strategies where the learning policy, the Cooperator agent, underperforms. GOAT enables better generalization by exposing the Cooperator to various challenging interaction scenarios. We maintain realistic coordination strategies by keeping the generative model frozen, thus avoiding adversarial exploitation. We evaluate GOAT with real human partners, and the results demonstrate state of the art performance on the Overcooked benchmark, highlighting its effectiveness in generalizing to diverse human behaviors.

人机协作对抗训练生成模型泛化能力

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