针对复杂AI服务的多目标调度难题,提出首个兼顾性能、成本与延迟的智能规划系统。
Compass: SLO-aware Query Planner for Compound AI Serving at Scale
- 分层分解大规模查询规划问题,利用计划相似性减少搜索步骤
- 通过选择性性能探测实现高精度评估,仅需极少开销
- 支持云边协同部署,适合生成式AI等实时高要求应用
复合型AI服务通过流水线整合多个算子,支撑生成式AI会议助手、自动驾驶和沉浸式游戏等应用。这些工作负载跨越云端到边缘的多层级基础设施,常在同一应用中混合部署。实现高服务吞吐量(即满足管道延迟、准确率和成本的SLO)需要联合规划算子的位置、配置与资源分配。然而,多样的SLO要求、异构设备性能差异以及大量竞争查询导致规划空间急剧膨胀,现有方法难以实现实时高效部署。本文提出Compass,首个面向SLO的复合型AI查询规划器,可跨多样部署环境优化大规模工作负载。Compass将多查询、多SLO规划问题分解为可处理的子问题,保留全局决策质量,利用查询内与跨查询的计划相似性大幅减少搜索步数;进一步通过选择性性能探测器,在极低开销下实现高保真性能估计。运行时,Compass采用查询-计划二分匹配机制,在资源争用下最大化SLO达标率。真实世界评估显示,Compass使服务吞吐量提升2.4–5.1倍,部署成本降低3.8–4.5倍,规划速度加快4.2–10.5倍,响应时间控制在秒级,决策质量接近最优。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
The rise of compound AI serving that integrates multiple operators in a pipeline enables end-user applications such as generative AI-powered meeting companions, autonomous driving, and immersive gaming. These workloads span diverse deployment spaces, from cloud-only queries to edge-assisted ones across infrastructure tiers, often including both within an application. Achieving high service goodput -- i.e., meeting service level objectives (SLOs) for pipeline latency, accuracy, and costs -- requires joint planning of operators' placement, configuration, and resource allocation. However, diverse SLOs, varying runtime environments (e.g., heterogeneous device speeds), and a large volume of queries competing for shared infrastructure explode the planning space, making real-time serving and cost-efficient deployment intractable with existing advances. This paper presents Compass, the first SLO-aware query planner that optimizes large-scale compound AI workloads across diverse deployment spaces. Compass decomposes the many-query, multi-SLO planning problem into tractable subproblems while preserving global decision quality, exploiting plan similarities within and across queries to slash the search steps. It further improves per-step efficiency with a plan profiler that performs selective profiling to achieve high-fidelity performance estimates at a fraction of the profiling cost. At runtime, Compass performs query-plan bipartite matching to maximize SLO goodput under resource contentions. Real-world evaluations show that Compass improves service goodput by 2.4--5.1x, reduces deployment costs by 3.8--4.5x, and accelerates planning by 4.2--10.5x, achieving service responsiveness within seconds and near-optimal decision quality.
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