arXiv:2504.16447cs.LG2025-04被引 2

用神经网络提升核反应堆事故模拟精度,解决传统方法耦合不准问题。

Node Assigned physics-informed neural networks for thermal-hydraulic system simulation: CVH/FL module

  • 为每个控制体积分配独立神经网络,分离时空变量,提升求解稳定性。
  • 在水箱模拟中,新方法误差仅0.007,远低于传统PINN的1.678。
  • 首次实现基于物理信息神经网络的系统级热工水力仿真,适合核电安全研究。

核电厂严重事故分析常用热工水力(TH)系统代码如MELCOR和MAAP,其基于有限差分法存在格式不一致问题,且隐式与显式结合的拟合方案导致多物理场分析中单向耦合。本文提出一种节点分配式物理信息神经网络(NA-PINN),专用于基于控制体积法的系统代码。通过为每个节点配置独立网络,将空间信息从输入输出域移除,使各子网络仅学习纯时间解。本阶段评估了水动力模块的精度:在6个水箱模拟中,标准PINN最大绝对误差为1.678,而NA-PINN仅为0.007,后者表现达标。据作者所知,这是首个成功将PINN应用于系统代码的研究。未来工作将扩展至多物理场求解器,并以代理模型方式开发。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Severe accidents (SAs) in nuclear power plants have been analyzed using thermal-hydraulic (TH) system codes such as MELCOR and MAAP. These codes efficiently simulate the progression of SAs, while they still have inherent limitations due to their inconsistent finite difference schemes. The use of empirical schemes incorporating both implicit and explicit formulations inherently induces unidirectional coupling in multi-physics analyses. The objective of this study is to develop a novel numerical method for TH system codes using physics-informed neural network (PINN). They have shown strength in solving multi-physics due to the innate feature of neural networks-automatic differentiation. We propose a node-assigned PINN (NA-PINN) that is suitable for the control volume approach-based system codes. NA-PINN addresses the issue of spatial governing equation variation by assigning an individual network to each nodalization of the system code, such that spatial information is excluded from both the input and output domains, and each subnetwork learns to approximate a purely temporal solution. In this phase, we evaluated the accuracy of the PINN methods for the hydrodynamic module. In the 6 water tank simulation, PINN and NA-PINN showed maximum absolute errors of 1.678 and 0.007, respectively. It should be noted that only NA-PINN demonstrated acceptable accuracy. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to successfully implement a system code using PINN. Our future work involves extending NA-PINN to a multi-physics solver and developing it in a surrogate manner.

热工水力神经网络核安全PINN

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