arXiv:2504.17628eess.IVcs.CV2025-04被引 1

无需标注数据,用文字描述就能精准分割糖尿病足溃疡伤口。

Beyond Labels: Zero-Shot Diabetic Foot Ulcer Wound Segmentation with Self-attention Diffusion Models and the Potential for Text-Guided Customization

  • 基于文本提示的自注意力扩散模型,实现零样本无监督分割。
  • 在慢性伤口数据集上达到86.68% IoU和94.69%精度,优于有监督模型。
  • 支持实时文字定制,适合临床医生快速分析不同伤口特征。

糖尿病足溃疡(DFUs)对医疗构成重大挑战,需精确高效的伤口评估以改善患者预后。本研究提出注意力扩散零样本无监督系统(ADZUS),一种无需标注数据的文本引导扩散模型,实现伤口分割。与依赖大量标注的传统深度学习模型不同,ADZUS利用零样本学习动态响应描述性提示,提升临床应用中的灵活性与适应性。实验表明,ADZUS在慢性伤口数据集上取得86.68% IoU和94.69%最高精度,超越有监督模型FUSegNet;在自建的糖尿病足溃疡数据集上,中位DSC达75%,显著高于FUSegNet的45%。其文本引导能力支持实时定制分割结果,可按临床描述聚焦特定伤口特征。尽管性能优异,扩散模型推理计算成本较高且需潜在微调,仍为未来改进方向。ADZUS代表了伤口分割的变革性进展,提供可扩展、高效、可适应的医学影像智能解决方案。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose a significant challenge in healthcare, requiring precise and efficient wound assessment to enhance patient outcomes. This study introduces the Attention Diffusion Zero-shot Unsupervised System (ADZUS), a novel text-guided diffusion model that performs wound segmentation without relying on labeled training data. Unlike conventional deep learning models, which require extensive annotation, ADZUS leverages zero-shot learning to dynamically adapt segmentation based on descriptive prompts, offering enhanced flexibility and adaptability in clinical applications. Experimental evaluations demonstrate that ADZUS surpasses traditional and state-of-the-art segmentation models, achieving an IoU of 86.68\% and the highest precision of 94.69\% on the chronic wound dataset, outperforming supervised approaches such as FUSegNet. Further validation on a custom-curated DFU dataset reinforces its robustness, with ADZUS achieving a median DSC of 75\%, significantly surpassing FUSegNet's 45\%. The model's text-guided segmentation capability enables real-time customization of segmentation outputs, allowing targeted analysis of wound characteristics based on clinical descriptions. Despite its competitive performance, the computational cost of diffusion-based inference and the need for potential fine-tuning remain areas for future improvement. ADZUS represents a transformative step in wound segmentation, providing a scalable, efficient, and adaptable AI-driven solution for medical imaging.

图像分割扩散模型零样本学习医疗AI

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