arXiv:2504.17872cs.ROcs.AI2025-04中稿 · Robotics: Science …被引 5

用流匹配提升机器人探索覆盖,支持更优分布控制。

Flow Matching Ergodic Coverage

  • 基于流匹配构建新覆盖方法,兼容生成模型中的新度量
  • 在非光滑分布上实现更好覆盖,计算开销无增加
  • 适用于机器人绘图擦除任务,鲁棒性强

传统熵覆盖方法受限于可用的熵度量,制约了其性能。本文提出基于流匹配的新型熵覆盖方法,将问题形式化为具有闭式解的线性二次调节器问题。该方法可直接使用生成推断中的替代度量,如基于Stein变分梯度流的度量(支持未归一化分布)和基于Sinkhorn散度的最优传输度量(改善非光滑分布上的覆盖)。在多种非线性动力学下,实验验证了本方法在性能与计算效率上的优越性,并在Franka机器人上完成了绘制与擦除任务,证明其实际可行性。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ergodic coverage effectively generates exploratory behaviors for embodied agents by aligning the spatial distribution of the agent's trajectory with a target distribution, where the difference between these two distributions is measured by the ergodic metric. However, existing ergodic coverage methods are constrained by the limited set of ergodic metrics available for control synthesis, fundamentally limiting their performance. In this work, we propose an alternative approach to ergodic coverage based on flow matching, a technique widely used in generative inference for efficient and scalable sampling. We formally derive the flow matching problem for ergodic coverage and show that it is equivalent to a linear quadratic regulator problem with a closed-form solution. Our formulation enables alternative ergodic metrics from generative inference that overcome the limitations of existing ones. These metrics were previously infeasible for control synthesis but can now be supported with no computational overhead. Specifically, flow matching with the Stein variational gradient flow enables control synthesis directly over the score function of the target distribution, improving robustness to the unnormalized distributions; on the other hand, flow matching with the Sinkhorn divergence flow enables an optimal transport-based ergodic metric, improving coverage performance on non-smooth distributions with irregular supports. We validate the improved performance and competitive computational efficiency of our method through comprehensive numerical benchmarks and across different nonlinear dynamics. We further demonstrate the practicality of our method through a series of drawing and erasing tasks on a Franka robot.

机器人探索流匹配覆盖控制

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