arXiv:2504.18601cs.CYcs.AI2025-04被引 16

用哲学对话式AI,避免操控用户决策,守护自主性。

The Philosophic Turn for AI Agents: Replacing centralized digital rhetoric with decentralized truth-seeking

  • AI改用苏格拉底式追问,鼓励用户自主探索真相。
  • 避免集中化决策设计,防止数字操控威胁自由。
  • 适合关注人机关系与伦理的AI开发者和研究者。

面对快速发展的AI技术,人们将越来越依赖AI代理来应对生活复杂性,这引发了对人类主体性与自主性的深层担忧。当前的AI决策支持系统面临根本困境:要么因信息过载失去自主,要么受外部控制的‘助推’机制侵蚀选择自由。尽管‘助推’框架曾被视为保留自由的手段,但在大规模AI应用下,却可能削弱个体自主权。本文提出一种哲学转向:AI应被设计为促进去中心化的求真过程与开放探究,模仿苏格拉底式的对话方法。通过推动个人与集体的自适应学习,此类AI能帮助用户掌控判断力,增强主体性而不损害自主性。论文最后总结了保障自主性的关键特征,勾勒出提升人类判断力而非取代它的未来AI路径。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In the face of rapidly advancing AI technology, individuals will increasingly rely on AI agents to navigate life's growing complexities, raising critical concerns about maintaining both human agency and autonomy. This paper addresses a fundamental dilemma posed by AI decision-support systems: the risk of either becoming overwhelmed by complex decisions, thus losing agency, or having autonomy compromised by externally controlled choice architectures reminiscent of ``nudging'' practices. While the ``nudge'' framework, based on the use of choice-framing to guide individuals toward presumed beneficial outcomes, initially appeared to preserve liberty, at AI-driven scale, it threatens to erode autonomy. To counteract this risk, the paper proposes a philosophic turn in AI design. AI should be constructed to facilitate decentralized truth-seeking and open-ended inquiry, mirroring the Socratic method of philosophical dialogue. By promoting individual and collective adaptive learning, such AI systems would empower users to maintain control over their judgments, augmenting their agency without undermining autonomy. The paper concludes by outlining essential features for autonomy-preserving AI systems, sketching a path toward AI systems that enhance human judgment rather than undermine it.

AI伦理人机交互自主性

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