用图模型解释科学创造如何通过改变基本假设实现范式突破
Transformational Creativity in Science: A Graphical Theory
- 构建图形化模型，将科学创意分为组合、探索和转化三类
- 证明修改模型公理最具变革性，能引发范式跃迁
- 适用于理解科学史上的重大突破，适合研究创新机制者
创造性过程通常分为三类：组合型、探索型和转化型。本文提出一种转化型科学创造力的图形理论，融合了Boden关于转化型创造力源于概念空间中'允许约束'变化的观点，以及库恩关于科学革命由范式转变引起的理论。我们证明，对图形模型公理的修改具有最强的变革潜力，并展示了该框架如何捕捉多个历史上的转化型创造力实例。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Creative processes are typically divided into three types: combinatorial, exploratory, and transformational. Here, we provide a graphical theory of transformational scientific creativity, synthesizing Boden's insight that transformational creativity arises from changes in the "enabling constraints" of a conceptual space and Kuhn's structure of scientific revolutions as resulting from paradigm shifts. We prove that modifications made to axioms of our graphical model have the most transformative potential and then illustrate how several historical instances of transformational creativity can be captured by our framework.
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