arXiv:2504.18780cs.RO2025-04ICRA

可自适应刚柔切换的无人机,碰撞后能灵活或保持刚性飞行。

Design, Contact Modeling, and Collision-inclusive Planning of a Dual-stiffness Aerial RoboT (DART)

  • 通过锁紧/解锁机制实现碰撞后刚性与柔性两种模式切换
  • 刚性模式比柔性模式刚度高7倍,显著提升飞行稳定性
  • 提出新碰撞力预测模型,助力无人机碰撞中路径规划

具备抗撞能力的四旋翼无人机因其在复杂环境中的操作潜力以及利用碰撞实现敏捷机动的可能而受到广泛关注。然而,现有设计多为单一模式:要么通过螺旋桨护罩防止变形,要么虽可变形但缺乏开放环境飞行所需的刚性。本文提出DART(Dual-stiffness Aerial RoboT),一种可在碰撞后通过锁紧机制进入刚性模式或解除锁紧进入柔性模式的双刚度空中机器人。综合表征测试表明,其刚性模式的刚度是柔性模式的七倍。为理解并利用碰撞动力学,我们基于线性互补系统理论提出一种新型碰撞响应预测模型,实验验证该模型对DART在刚性和柔性模式下的碰撞力预测均具高精度,展现出在空中机器人碰撞包容型轨迹规划中的应用前景。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Collision-resilient quadrotors have gained significant attention given their potential for operating in cluttered environments and leveraging impacts to perform agile maneuvers. However, existing designs are typically single-mode: either safeguarded by propeller guards that prevent deformation or deformable but lacking rigidity, which is crucial for stable flight in open environments. This paper introduces DART, a Dual-stiffness Aerial RoboT, that adapts its post-collision response by either engaging a locking mechanism for a rigid mode or disengaging it for a flexible mode, respectively. Comprehensive characterization tests highlight the significant difference in post collision responses between its rigid and flexible modes, with the rigid mode offering seven times higher stiffness compared to the flexible mode. To understand and harness the collision dynamics, we propose a novel collision response prediction model based on the linear complementarity system theory. We demonstrate the accuracy of predicting collision forces for both the rigid and flexible modes of DART. Experimental results confirm the accuracy of the model and underscore its potential to advance collision-inclusive trajectory planning in aerial robotics.

无人机碰撞控制刚柔切换轨迹规划

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