arXiv:2504.18860cs.ROcs.LG2025-04中稿 · R:SS 2025被引 2

用隐式表示实现机器人运动安全避障,保持动力系统稳定性。

Diffeomorphic Obstacle Avoidance for Contractive Dynamical Systems via Implicit Representations

  • 基于隐式场景表示与微分同胚变换设计避障策略
  • 在厨房真实任务中实现稳定避障且轨迹曲率低
  • 适合复杂环境下的机器人动态技能学习与泛化

确保机器人技能的安全性与鲁棒性在复杂动态任务中日益重要。本文针对从示范中学习的动态机器人技能,提出一种结合神经收缩动力系统与微分同胚变换的框架——符号距离场微分同胚变换(SDF Diffeomorphic Transform)。该方法利用符号距离场(SDF)和基于流的微分同胚,在保证收缩稳定性的同时实现全身避障。我们在合成数据集及厨房环境中的多个真实机器人任务上进行评估,结果表明,该方法在局部调整学习到的收缩向量场时,能保持与原始动态的接近性,且不产生高曲率路径,显著优于多个最先进方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Ensuring safety and robustness of robot skills is becoming crucial as robots are required to perform increasingly complex and dynamic tasks. The former is essential when performing tasks in cluttered environments, while the latter is relevant to overcome unseen task situations. This paper addresses the challenge of ensuring both safety and robustness in dynamic robot skills learned from demonstrations. Specifically, we build on neural contractive dynamical systems to provide robust extrapolation of the learned skills, while designing a full-body obstacle avoidance strategy that preserves contraction stability via diffeomorphic transforms. This is particularly crucial in complex environments where implicit scene representations, such as Signed Distance Fields (SDFs), are necessary. To this end, our framework called Signed Distance Field Diffeomorphic Transform, leverages SDFs and flow-based diffeomorphisms to achieve contraction-preserving obstacle avoidance. We thoroughly evaluate our framework on synthetic datasets and several real-world robotic tasks in a kitchen environment. Our results show that our approach locally adapts the learned contractive vector field while staying close to the learned dynamics and without introducing highly-curved motion paths, thus outperforming several state-of-the-art methods.

机器人避障动力系统隐式表示微分同胚

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