从生成式AI到自主智能体，解析其演进路径与挑战
Generative to Agentic AI: Survey, Conceptualization, and Challenges
- 对比生成式与自主智能体的核心差异，梳理演进逻辑
- 揭示自主智能体在复杂任务中的更强推理与自主能力
- 适合关注AI未来方向的研究者与产业从业者
自主智能体人工智能（Agentic AI）建立在生成式人工智能（GenAI）基础上，是人工智能演进的下一步，具备更强的推理与交互能力，可实现更自主的行为以应对复杂任务。自ChatGPT（3.5）发布以来，生成式AI已广泛普及，使用户获得直接体验。然而，生成式AI与自主智能体之间的区别仍不清晰。为填补这一空白，本综述分为两部分：第一部分基于现有文献，对比两者的关键特征，讨论自主智能体如何弥补生成式AI的局限性，并梳理生成式AI向自主智能体演进的主要阶段，面向社会科学与工程领域学者及产业人士，提供理解新型应用所需洞见；第二部分深入探讨自主智能体的新进展与实际问题，如智能体定义，并讨论未来研究议题及超越人类智能可能带来的风险。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) builds upon Generative AI (GenAI). It constitutes the next major step in the evolution of AI with much stronger reasoning and interaction capabilities that enable more autonomous behavior to tackle complex tasks. Since the initial release of ChatGPT (3.5), Generative AI has seen widespread adoption, giving users firsthand experience. However, the distinction between Agentic AI and GenAI remains less well understood. To address this gap, our survey is structured in two parts. In the first part, we compare GenAI and Agentic AI using existing literature, discussing their key characteristics, how Agentic AI remedies limitations of GenAI, and the major steps in GenAI's evolution toward Agentic AI. This section is intended for a broad audience, including academics in both social sciences and engineering, as well as industry professionals. It provides the necessary insights to comprehend novel applications that are possible with Agentic AI but not with GenAI. In the second part, we deep dive into novel aspects of Agentic AI, including recent developments and practical concerns such as defining agents. Finally, we discuss several challenges that could serve as a future research agenda, while cautioning against risks that can emerge when exceeding human intelligence.
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