多机器人系统任务与运动规划新方法,支持复杂时序任务且高效可扩展。
Hierarchical Temporal Logic Task and Motion Planning for Multi-Robot Systems
- 用分层时序逻辑建模任务,通过产品图整合任务分配与运动规划。
- 在高维场景中实现更快求解与更优解,真实四足机器人实验验证有效。
- 适合需协同执行复杂时序任务的多机器人系统,如搬运、交接等场景。
多机器人系统中的任务与运动规划(TAMP)需融合离散任务规划与连续运动规划,仍面临挑战。现有方法在复杂规范下难以有效扩展,常导致不可行解与长计算时间。本文针对未预设任务分配、以分层时序逻辑表达的多机器人系统提出新方法。任务层将分层时序逻辑转换为单张图,任务分配嵌入边中;运动层用配置空间中的凸集表示多机器人可行路径,由采样式运动规划引导。整体问题转化为产品图上的最短路径搜索,可应用高效凸优化。理论证明在弱假设下方法保真且完备。进一步扩展至涉及物体交接的协作抓取-放置任务。在模拟与真实环境(包括四足机器人、机械臂、自动传送带)中评估,结果表明该方法在执行时间与解最优性上优于现有方法,且随任务复杂度提升仍具可扩展性。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Task and motion planning (TAMP) for multi-robot systems, which integrates discrete task planning with continuous motion planning, remains a challenging problem in robotics. Existing TAMP approaches often struggle to scale effectively for multi-robot systems with complex specifications, leading to infeasible solutions and prolonged computation times. This work addresses the TAMP problem in multi-robot settings where tasks are specified using expressive hierarchical temporal logic and task assignments are not pre-determined. Our approach leverages the efficiency of hierarchical temporal logic specifications for task-level planning and the optimization-based graph of convex sets method for motion-level planning, integrating them within a product graph framework. At the task level, we convert hierarchical temporal logic specifications into a single graph, embedding task allocation within its edges. At the motion level, we represent the feasible motions of multiple robots through convex sets in the configuration space, guided by a sampling-based motion planner. This formulation allows us to define the TAMP problem as a shortest path search within the product graph, where efficient convex optimization techniques can be applied. We prove that our approach is both sound and complete under mild assumptions. Additionally, we extend our framework to cooperative pick-and-place tasks involving object handovers between robots. We evaluate our method across various high-dimensional multi-robot scenarios, including simulated and real-world environments with quadrupeds, robotic arms, and automated conveyor systems. Our results show that our approach outperforms existing methods in execution time and solution optimality while effectively scaling with task complexity.
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