arXiv:2504.18916cs.DCcs.AI2025-04中稿 · the 26th ACM/IFIP …被引 2

提出去中心化联邦学习框架,兼顾隐私与资源效率。

UnifyFL: Enabling Decentralized Cross-Silo Federated Learning

  • 采用去中心化编排与分布式存储,无需依赖可信第三方
  • 支持同步异步模式,有效缓解计算延迟问题
  • 在多组织环境下实现接近中心化方案的性能表现

联邦学习(FL)是一种去中心化的机器学习范式,模型在多个称为客户端的设备上基于私有数据训练,并在单个聚合节点处合并,而非直接聚合数据。许多组织使用FL以实现更安全的智能决策。然而,由于缺乏有效的协作机制,各组织常独立运行而无法协同提升FL能力。核心挑战在于信任与资源效率之间的平衡。一种方法依赖第三方聚合器集中模型(多层级FL),但需信任可能偏见或不可靠的实体;另一种方法由组织直接共享本地模型,但需大量计算资源进行验证。两者均存在根本性权衡。本文提出名为UnifyFL的信任型跨孤岛联邦学习框架,采用去中心化编排和分布式存储。该框架为参与组织提供灵活性,并支持同步与异步模式以应对慢速节点。在多样化测试环境下的评估表明,UnifyFL性能接近理想中的多层级中心化FL,同时实现信任保障与资源最优利用。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Federated Learning (FL) is a decentralized machine learning (ML) paradigm in which models are trained on private data across several devices called clients and combined at a single node called an aggregator rather than aggregating the data itself. Many organizations employ FL to have better privacy-aware ML-driven decision-making capabilities. However, organizations often operate independently rather than collaborate to enhance their FL capabilities due to the lack of an effective mechanism for collaboration. The challenge lies in balancing trust and resource efficiency. One approach relies on trusting a third-party aggregator to consolidate models from all organizations (multilevel FL), but this requires trusting an entity that may be biased or unreliable. Alternatively, organizations can bypass a third party by sharing their local models directly, which requires significant computational resources for validation. Both approaches reflect a fundamental trade-off between trust and resource constraints, with neither offering an ideal solution. In this work, we develop a trust-based cross-silo FL framework called UnifyFL, which uses decentralized orchestration and distributed storage. UnifyFL provides flexibility to the participating organizations and presents synchronous and asynchronous modes to handle stragglers. Our evaluation on a diverse testbed shows that UnifyFL achieves a performance comparable to the ideal multilevel centralized FL while allowing trust and optimal use of resources.

联邦学习去中心化隐私保护跨组织

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