arXiv:2504.19673cs.CYcs.AI2025-04被引 8

教学生用生成式AI需培养关键能力,教师要设计融合AI的教学方案。

Generative AI in Education: Student Skills and Lecturer Roles

  • 通过文献与问卷识别出14项学生必备技能,核心是AI素养与批判思维。
  • 学生在提示工程、偏见识别和输出管理上存在明显能力缺口。
  • 适合教育研究者与一线教师参考,推动AI教学实践落地。

生成式人工智能(GenAI)工具如ChatGPT正成为教育领域的革新力量,既带来机遇也引发挑战。本研究通过混合方法,结合文献综述与针对南亚和欧洲130名学生的定量调查,识别并评估学生有效使用GenAI所需的关键能力,并提出教师整合GenAI的教学策略。文献分析提炼出14项核心学生技能,其中AI素养、批判性思维和伦理AI实践最为关键。学生调查发现其在提示工程、偏见意识和AI输出管理方面存在不足。教师策略方面,共识别出六个关键领域,以GenAI整合与课程设计最为突出。研究强调应将GenAI纳入教育体系,尽管文献更关注伦理与政策,但学生更倾向动手实践与真实应用。为实现包容且负责任的推广,机构需保障工具可及性,制定明确学术诚信政策,并支持全球GenAI研究合作。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) tools such as ChatGPT are emerging as a revolutionary tool in education that brings both positive aspects and challenges for educators and students, reshaping how learning and teaching are approached. This study aims to identify and evaluate the key competencies students need to effectively engage with GenAI in education and to provide strategies for lecturers to integrate GenAI into teaching practices. The study applied a mixed method approach with a combination of a literature review and a quantitative survey involving 130 students from South Asia and Europe to obtain its findings. The literature review identified 14 essential student skills for GenAI engagement, with AI literacy, critical thinking, and ethical AI practices emerging as the most critical. The student survey revealed gaps in prompt engineering, bias awareness, and AI output management. In our study of lecturer strategies, we identified six key areas, with GenAI Integration and Curriculum Design being the most emphasised. Our findings highlight the importance of incorporating GenAI into education. While literature prioritized ethics and policy development, students favour hands-on, project-based learning and practical AI applications. To foster inclusive and responsible GenAI adoption, institutions should ensure equitable access to GenAI tools, establish clear academic integrity policies, and advocate for global GenAI research initiatives.

生成式AI教育应用能力评估教学设计

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