提出群体福祉的本体框架，用功能持续性评估集体长期贡献。
How Group Lives Go Well
- 基于本体论构建群体功能模型，类比生物或人造物的持续性。
- 引入反事实评估法，超越个体享乐与欲望满足的局限。
- 适合研究社会机构、历史影响与集体繁荣的学者使用。
本文探索群体福祉的本体空间，提出一个在本体工程背景下表征集体福利、群体功能及长期贡献的框架。传统福祉理论聚焦个体状态，依赖享乐主义、欲望满足或客观清单模型，难以解释个体牺牲推动社会进步的情形，这正是建模群体繁荣的关键挑战。为此，论文精炼并拓展了反事实福祉观（CT），通过比较个体实际福祉与其在邻近可能世界中的假设福祉来评估事件之善。然而该框架对群体本体不充分，因群体福祉取决于功能持续性、制度角色与历史影响，而非即时个体结果。基于基本形式本体（BFO），论文提出一种模型：群体繁荣以群体功能为评估基础，成员承担角色，并具备类似生物系统或人造物的持久性条件。此方法支持纵向社会贡献的语义互操作，实现对群体福祉、社会机构及群体长期繁荣的结构化推理。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
This paper explores the ontological space of group well being, proposing a framework for representing collective welfare, group functions, and long term contributions within an ontology engineering context. Traditional well being theories focus on individual states, often relying on hedonistic, desire satisfaction, or objective list models. Such approaches struggle to account for cases where individual sacrifices contribute to broader social progress, a critical challenge in modeling group flourishing. To address this, the paper refines and extends the Counterfactual Account (CT) of well being, which evaluates goodness of an event by comparing an individual's actual well being with a hypothetical counterpart in a nearby possible world. While useful, this framework is insufficient for group level ontologies, where well being depends on functional persistence, institutional roles, and historical impact rather than immediate individual outcomes. Drawing on Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), the paper introduces a model in which group flourishing is evaluated in terms of group functional, where members bear roles and exhibit persistence conditions akin to biological systems or designed artifacts. This approach enables semantic interoperability for modeling longitudinal social contributions, allowing for structured reasoning about group welfare, social institutions, and group flourishing over time.
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