arXiv:2504.20099cs.LGcs.AI2025-04被引 3

评估时间序列大模型的潜在可解释性,探索其用于可视化分析的可行性。

Decoding Latent Spaces: Assessing the Interpretability of Time Series Foundation Models for Visual Analytics

  • 用Transformer架构的MOMENT模型提取时序数据潜在特征。
  • 微调后损失下降显著,但嵌入空间可解释性提升有限。
  • 适合关注高效时序分析与交互可视化的研究者参考。

本研究探讨了时间序列基础模型生成的潜在空间在可视化分析任务中的可解释性。重点评估了MOMENT系列模型——一种基于Transformer、针对多变量时序任务(如填补、预测、分类、异常检测)预训练的架构。在五个数据集上评估了这些模型在潜在空间中捕捉时序数据底层结构的能力,并验证微调是否能提升嵌入空间的清晰度。微调后观察到损失显著降低。视觉分析显示嵌入可解释性改善有限,需进一步改进。结果表明,尽管MOMENT等时间序列基础模型表现稳健,其潜在空间仍需通过替代投影技术、损失函数或数据预处理策略进行方法学优化才能充分解读。尽管存在局限,基础模型显著降低了执行时间,为交互式可视化分析带来重大进展。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The present study explores the interpretability of latent spaces produced by time series foundation models, focusing on their potential for visual analysis tasks. Specifically, we evaluate the MOMENT family of models, a set of transformer-based, pre-trained architectures for multivariate time series tasks such as: imputation, prediction, classification, and anomaly detection. We evaluate the capacity of these models on five datasets to capture the underlying structures in time series data within their latent space projection and validate whether fine tuning improves the clarity of the resulting embedding spaces. Notable performance improvements in terms of loss reduction were observed after fine tuning. Visual analysis shows limited improvement in the interpretability of the embeddings, requiring further work. Results suggest that, although Time Series Foundation Models such as MOMENT are robust, their latent spaces may require additional methodological refinements to be adequately interpreted, such as alternative projection techniques, loss functions, or data preprocessing strategies. Despite the limitations of MOMENT, foundation models supose a big reduction in execution time and so a great advance for interactive visual analytics.

时序建模可解释性可视化大模型

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