研究日语句子中依赖距离与层级距离的分布规律及其影响因素。
The Distribution of Dependency Distance and Hierarchical Distance in Contemporary Written Japanese and Its Influencing Factors
- 通过分析语料库数据，发现谓词的及物性是调节复杂度的核心机制。
- 句子越长，平均依赖距离低于平均层级距离，且二者相关性强。
- 适合语言学、认知科学及自然语言处理研究者参考。
为探究日语中依赖距离（DD）与层级距离（HD）的关系，我们基于平衡当代书面日语语料库，比较了固定与未固定句长条件下DD与HD的概率分布，并分析了随着句长增加，平均依赖距离（MDD）与平均层级距离（MHD）的变化及其相关系数。结果表明，谓词的及物性是日语中MDD与MHD之间权衡关系的内在因素。日语母语者通过谓词及物性调控线性复杂度与层级复杂度，且MDD与MHD的相对大小取决于是否达到及物性阈值。除认知负荷外，谓词及物性还影响DD与HD的概率分布，对HD分布的影响大于对DD的影响，导致两者概率分布差异，进而使MDD均值低于MHD均值。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
To explore the relationship between dependency distance (DD) and hierarchical distance (HD) in Japanese, we compared the probability distributions of DD and HD with and without sentence length fixed, and analyzed the changes in mean dependency distance (MDD) and mean hierarchical distance (MHD) as sentence length increases, along with their correlation coefficient based on the Balanced Corpus of Contemporary Written Japanese. It was found that the valency of the predicates is the underlying factor behind the trade-off relation between MDD and MHD in Japanese. Native speakers of Japanese regulate the linear complexity and hierarchical complexity through the valency of the predicates, and the relative sizes of MDD and MHD depend on whether the threshold of valency has been reached. Apart from the cognitive load, the valency of the predicates also affects the probability distributions of DD and HD. The effect of the valency of the predicates on the distribution of HD is greater than on that of DD, which leads to differences in their probability distributions and causes the mean of MDD to be lower than that of MHD.
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