模块化机器人可自由重组,实现快速修复与高动态运动。
Agile legged locomotion in reconfigurable modular robots
- 模块化单自由度腿部可自主学习复杂动态行为
- 支持米级规模多足机器人快速重构,运动敏捷且抗损伤
- 用隐空间探索海量构型,发现新型腿式结构
腿式机器人的敏捷性和适应性日益增强,但其形态多样性远不及动物界中通过演化形成的丰富结构。过去十年间,腿式机器人大多趋同于标准的四足或双足架构,难以灵活重构以应对新任务或损伤。本文提出自主模块化腿部:轻量、单自由度、具备学习复杂动态行为能力的关节模块,可自由组装成米级尺度的多足机器人。该设计支持快速维修、重设计与重组,使机器人能在非结构化环境中高速、灵巧地移动(非准静态)。由于每个模块本身即为完整智能体,其所构成的机体可承受严重结构性损伤而仍保持功能。我们还提出一种紧凑的潜在设计空间编码方法,高效探索海量可能的构型组合,揭示出多种新颖的腿式形态。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Legged machines are becoming increasingly agile and adaptive but they have so far lacked the morphological diversity of legged animals, which have been rearranged and reshaped to fill millions of niches. Unlike their biological counterparts, legged machines have largely converged over the past decade to canonical quadrupedal and bipedal architectures that cannot be easily reconfigured to meet new tasks or recover from injury. Here we introduce autonomous modular legs: agile yet minimal, single-degree-of-freedom jointed links that can learn complex dynamic behaviors and may be freely attached to form multilegged machines at the meter scale. This enables rapid repair, redesign, and recombination of highly-dynamic modular agents that move quickly and acrobatically (non-quasistatically) through unstructured environments. Because each module is itself a complete agent, the bodies that contain them can sustain deep structural damage that would completely disable other legged robots. We also show how to encode the vast space of possible body configurations into a compact latent design space that can be efficiently explored, revealing a wide diversity of novel legged forms.
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