用置信预测提升室内定位精度,确保结果可靠且可解释。
Conformal Prediction for Indoor Positioning with Correctness Coverage Guarantees
- 将置信预测引入深度学习定位,生成带覆盖率保证的预测集合。
- 测试集准确率达85%,且能有效控制定位误差点比例。
- 适合对可靠性要求高的智能导航、IoT定位等场景使用。
随着物联网技术的发展,高精度室内定位已成为复杂环境中位置服务的关键。指纹定位虽广泛应用,但传统算法与深度学习方法普遍存在泛化能力差、过拟合和可解释性不足的问题。本文将置信预测(Conformal Prediction, CP)应用于基于深度学习的室内定位,通过非一致性评分量化模型不确定性,构建预测集以保证正确性覆盖率,并提供统计保障。针对路径导航任务,引入置信风险控制以管理假阳性率(FDR)和假阴性率(FNR)。模型在训练集上准确率约100%,测试集达85%,充分验证了性能与泛化能力。此外,构建了置信p值框架以控制定位误差点比例。在UJIIndoLoc数据集上,使用MobileNetV1、VGG19、MobileNetV2、ResNet50、EfficientNet等轻量级模型的实验表明,该方法能有效逼近目标覆盖率,不同模型在预测集大小与不确定性量化上表现各异。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
With the advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, high-precision indoor positioning has become essential for Location-Based Services (LBS) in complex indoor environments. Fingerprint-based localization is popular, but traditional algorithms and deep learning-based methods face challenges such as poor generalization, overfitting, and lack of interpretability. This paper applies conformal prediction (CP) to deep learning-based indoor positioning. CP transforms the uncertainty of the model into a non-conformity score, constructs prediction sets to ensure correctness coverage, and provides statistical guarantees. We also introduce conformal risk control for path navigation tasks to manage the false discovery rate (FDR) and the false negative rate (FNR).The model achieved an accuracy of approximately 100% on the training dataset and 85% on the testing dataset, effectively demonstrating its performance and generalization capability. Furthermore, we also develop a conformal p-value framework to control the proportion of position-error points. Experiments on the UJIIndoLoc dataset using lightweight models such as MobileNetV1, VGG19, MobileNetV2, ResNet50, and EfficientNet show that the conformal prediction technique can effectively approximate the target coverage, and different models have different performance in terms of prediction set size and uncertainty quantification.
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