arXiv:2505.02003cs.AIcs.ET2025-05被引 5

用类脑计算提前预测癫痫发作,实时触发低频刺激以高效抑制发作。

Closed-loop control of seizure activity via real-time seizure forecasting by reservoir neuromorphic computing

  • 基于类脑储层计算,根据癫痫预测结果实时生成个性化刺激脉冲。
  • 在实验中实现83.33%的发作预测准确率,实时抑制超过97%的癫痫活动。
  • 适合追求低功耗、高响应速度的神经调控系统研究者与癫痫治疗开发者。

闭环脑刺激有望成为难治性癫痫(DRE)的个性化治疗手段,但当前仍存在疗效波动大的问题。一方面,刺激通常在发作检测后才启动,属于事后干预;另一方面,刺激参数依赖反复试错,需长期调优,导致疗效延迟。本文提出一种基于类脑储层计算的硬件系统,实现基于癫痫发作预测的实时个性化自由运行刺激。每个预测结果触发一次电脉冲,而非固定频率刺激。系统在训练阶段达到83.33%的预测准确率。我们使用海马体球状体结合3D微电极阵列作为简化测试平台,实现实时处理下癫痫活动减少>97%,主要采用低于20 Hz的瞬时刺激频率,显著低于临床常用水平。本工作展示了类脑系统在个性化DRE治疗中的潜力,其稀疏事件驱动特性适用于实时神经调控。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Closed-loop brain stimulation holds potential as personalized treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) but still suffers from limitations that result in highly variable efficacy. First, stimulation is typically delivered upon detection of the seizure to abort rather than prevent it; second, the stimulation parameters are established by trial and error, requiring lengthy rounds of fine-tuning, which delay steady-state therapeutic efficacy. Here, we address these limitations by leveraging the potential of neuromorphic computing. We present a neuromorphic reservoir computing hardware system capable of driving real-time personalized free-run stimulations based on seizure forecasting, wherein each forecast triggers an electrical pulse rather than an arbitrarily predefined fixed-frequency stimulus train. The system achieves 83.33% accuracy in forecasting seizure occurrences during the training phase. We validate the system using hippocampal spheroids coupled to 3D microelectrode array as a simplified testbed, achieving seizure reduction >97% during the real-time processing while primarily using instantaneous stimulation frequencies within 20 Hz, well below what typically used in clinical practice. Our work demonstrates the potential of neuromorphic systems as a next-generation neuromodulation strategy for personalized DRE treatment, leveraging their sparse and event-driven processing for real-time applications.

类脑计算癫痫治疗闭环刺激神经调控

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