arXiv:2505.03207cs.LG2025-05IJCAI

利用部分标签提升聚类效果,通过关系建模与约束传播实现性能突破。

Partial Label Clustering

  • 基于特征空间关系构建权重矩阵,推理真实标签
  • 在有限标注下优于主流聚类与半监督方法
  • 适合标注稀缺场景的弱监督聚类任务

部分标签学习(PLL)是一种重要的弱监督学习框架,每个样本对应一组候选标签,仅有一个为真实标签。本文首次研究部分标签聚类问题,利用有限的部分标签提升聚类性能。首先基于特征空间中样本间关系构建权重矩阵,并据此对候选标签进行消歧以估计真实标签;随后根据消歧结果构建必须链接和不能链接约束;进一步采用对抗先验驱动的双图学习方法传播初始约束;最后将权重矩阵构建、标签消歧与成对约束传播整合为联合模型,实现相互增强。理论证明更优的消歧标签矩阵有助于提升聚类性能。大量实验表明,该方法在与现有约束聚类方法对比中表现优异,在仅少量样本标注时亦超越标准PLL与半监督PLL方法。代码已公开于 https://github.com/xyt-ml/PLC。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Partial label learning (PLL) is a significant weakly supervised learning framework, where each training example corresponds to a set of candidate labels and only one label is the ground-truth label. For the first time, this paper investigates the partial label clustering problem, which takes advantage of the limited available partial labels to improve the clustering performance. Specifically, we first construct a weight matrix of examples based on their relationships in the feature space and disambiguate the candidate labels to estimate the ground-truth label based on the weight matrix. Then, we construct a set of must-link and cannot-link constraints based on the disambiguation results. Moreover, we propagate the initial must-link and cannot-link constraints based on an adversarial prior promoted dual-graph learning approach. Finally, we integrate weight matrix construction, label disambiguation, and pairwise constraints propagation into a joint model to achieve mutual enhancement. We also theoretically prove that a better disambiguated label matrix can help improve clustering performance. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate our method realizes superior performance when comparing with state-of-the-art constrained clustering methods, and outperforms PLL and semi-supervised PLL methods when only limited samples are annotated. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/xyt-ml/PLC.

聚类弱监督部分标签约束传播

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