用哈希图共识让多个大模型协同纠错,提升推理可靠性。
A Hashgraph-Inspired Consensus Mechanism for Reliable Multi-Model Reasoning
- 借鉴哈希图技术,让多模型通过对话式交互达成一致。
- 相比简单投票,能融合各模型的推理过程与交叉验证信息。
- 适合需要高可信度输出的复杂任务,如医疗、法律决策。
大型语言模型在复杂任务中常出现输出不一致和幻觉问题。当多个专有推理模型(如OpenAI、Google、Anthropic、DeepSeek、xAI)面对相同复杂请求时,因训练和推理差异导致结果分歧。本文提出一种受分布式账本技术启发的新型共识机制,将每个推理模型视为黑箱节点。基于哈希图算法,采用“八卦式通信”与虚拟投票,在多模型间实现输出验证与收敛。我们设计了一个原型系统,使模型在多轮迭代中交换并更新答案,利用每轮信息提升后续推理的准确性和置信度。该方法超越传统多数投票,整合了每个模型的知识与交叉验证内容。论证了该机制在多模型集成中的可行性,并指出其在减少非事实性输出方面的优势。初步讨论了实现方案、收敛与准确性的评估标准及潜在挑战。该机制为多智能体AI系统实现自我验证、提供高保真响应提供了有前景的方向。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Inconsistent outputs and hallucinations from large language models (LLMs) are major obstacles to reliable AI systems. When different proprietary reasoning models (RMs), such as those by OpenAI, Google, Anthropic, DeepSeek, and xAI, are given the same complex request, they often produce divergent results due to variations in training and inference. This paper proposes a novel consensus mechanism, inspired by distributed ledger technology, to validate and converge these outputs, treating each RM as a black-box peer. Building on the Hashgraph consensus algorithm, our approach employs gossip-about-gossip communication and virtual voting to achieve agreement among an ensemble of RMs. We present an architectural design for a prototype system in which RMs iteratively exchange and update their answers, using information from each round to improve accuracy and confidence in subsequent rounds. This approach goes beyond simple majority voting by incorporating the knowledge and cross-verification content of every model. We justify the feasibility of this Hashgraph-inspired consensus for AI ensembles and outline its advantages over traditional ensembling techniques in reducing nonfactual outputs. Preliminary considerations for implementation, evaluation criteria for convergence and accuracy, and potential challenges are discussed. The proposed mechanism demonstrates a promising direction for multi-agent AI systems to self-validate and deliver high-fidelity responses in complex tasks.
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