ViSafe实现高速飞行器纯视觉避障,保障安全分离。
Demonstrating ViSafe: Vision-enabled Safety for High-speed Detect and Avoid
- 用感知驱动的控制屏障函数设计安全约束,实现可证明的安全性。
- 实测最高相对速度达144 km/h,首次验证纯视觉避障在高速场景的有效性。
- 适用于资源受限的无人机等空中平台,适合高密度空域运行需求。
确保空中飞行器在共享空域中高密度运行时的可靠安全间隔至关重要。为使资源受限的空中系统具备这一关键安全能力,我们提出ViSafe——一种高速纯视觉机载避撞系统。ViSafe通过将基于学习的边缘AI框架与满足SWaP-C约束的定制多相机硬件原型紧密结合,提供完整的检测与避让(DAA)解决方案。通过利用聚焦感知输入的控制屏障函数(CBF)设计、编码并强制执行安全阈值,ViSafe可在高速空中操作中提供可证明的运行时安全保障。我们通过涵盖模拟数字孪生和真实飞行场景的广泛测试活动评估其性能。通过独立改变飞行器类型、接近速率、交互几何关系及环境条件(如天气与光照),证明ViSafe在多种场景下均能持续保障自分离。在首次实现的高速真实飞行避撞测试中,相对速度达144 km/h,ViSafe树立了纯视觉自主避撞的新基准,确立了高速空中导航中的新安全标准。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Assured safe-separation is essential for achieving seamless high-density operation of airborne vehicles in a shared airspace. To equip resource-constrained aerial systems with this safety-critical capability, we present ViSafe, a high-speed vision-only airborne collision avoidance system. ViSafe offers a full-stack solution to the Detect and Avoid (DAA) problem by tightly integrating a learning-based edge-AI framework with a custom multi-camera hardware prototype designed under SWaP-C constraints. By leveraging perceptual input-focused control barrier functions (CBF) to design, encode, and enforce safety thresholds, ViSafe can provide provably safe runtime guarantees for self-separation in high-speed aerial operations. We evaluate ViSafe's performance through an extensive test campaign involving both simulated digital twins and real-world flight scenarios. By independently varying agent types, closure rates, interaction geometries, and environmental conditions (e.g., weather and lighting), we demonstrate that ViSafe consistently ensures self-separation across diverse scenarios. In first-of-its-kind real-world high-speed collision avoidance tests with closure rates reaching 144 km/h, ViSafe sets a new benchmark for vision-only autonomous collision avoidance, establishing a new standard for safety in high-speed aerial navigation.
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