arXiv:2505.03844eess.IVcs.AI2025-05被引 2

用大模型把卫星SAR图转成机载图,解决数据少难题。

From Spaceborne to Airborne: SAR Image Synthesis Using Foundation Models for Multi-Scale Adaptation

  • 用大模型加空间条件控制,实现卫星到机载SAR图像转换。
  • 基于11万张机载数据训练,使生成图像真实度显著提升。
  • 适合遥感、AI图像生成方向研究者参考。

近年来,合成孔径雷达(SAR)卫星影像数据量大幅增加,已有商业化数据集。然而,机载SAR高分辨率影像的获取仍成本高昂且受限。现有公开、标注良好或易于使用的文本-图像SAR数据集稀缺,阻碍了基础模型在遥感领域的应用。为此,生成合成图像成为弥补数据不足的有效方案。本文利用ONERA超过15年的机载数据档案,构建包含11万张SAR图像的训练数据集,并基于35亿参数的预训练潜空间扩散模型(Latent Diffusion Model) \cite{Baqu2019SethiR},提出一种新方法:通过空间条件技术,将卫星SAR图像转换为机载表示。同时,验证了该流程能有效融合ONERA物理仿真器EMPRISE \cite{empriseem_ai_images}生成的模拟图像的真实感。本工作首次在文献中引入此类方法,展示了AI推动SAR成像技术的关键应用前景。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

The availability of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) satellite imagery has increased considerably in recent years, with datasets commercially available. However, the acquisition of high-resolution SAR images in airborne configurations, remains costly and limited. Thus, the lack of open source, well-labeled, or easily exploitable SAR text-image datasets is a barrier to the use of existing foundation models in remote sensing applications. In this context, synthetic image generation is a promising solution to augment this scarce data, enabling a broader range of applications. Leveraging over 15 years of ONERA's extensive archival airborn data from acquisition campaigns, we created a comprehensive training dataset of 110 thousands SAR images to exploit a 3.5 billion parameters pre-trained latent diffusion model \cite{Baqu2019SethiR}. In this work, we present a novel approach utilizing spatial conditioning techniques within a foundation model to transform satellite SAR imagery into airborne SAR representations. Additionally, we demonstrate that our pipeline is effective for bridging the realism of simulated images generated by ONERA's physics-based simulator EMPRISE \cite{empriseem_ai_images}. Our method explores a key application of AI in advancing SAR imaging technology. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to introduce this approach in the literature.

SAR生成扩散模型遥感

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