arXiv:2505.04722cs.ROcs.HC2025-05被引 4

实验证明人控位置、机控力更优,且影响用户自主感。

Fitts' List Revisited: An Empirical Study on Function Allocation in a Two-Agent Physical Human-Robot Collaborative Position/Force Task

  • 人负责位置控制,机器人负责力控制,性能更好。
  • 该分工可减少过度混合,提升接受度与体验满意度。
  • 适合关注人机协作中用户体验的工业5.0研究者。

本文通过一项包含26名参与者(被试内设计)的用户研究,检验了经典功能分配原则在物理人机协同任务中的适用性。研究考察了四种位置/力控分配方式在抽象混合任务中的表现。结果表明:当人类控制位置、机器人控制力时,能显著减少过量混合现象,且在物理负荷感知、系统整体接受度方面更优,参与者感受到更高自主性、更强参与感和更低挫败感。值得注意的是,当机器人同时控制位置和力(监督角色)时,主观接受度位居第二。另一意外发现是:若将位置控制交给机器人,参与者感知到的自主性远低于将力控交给机器人的情况。这些结果为静态功能分配提供了实证支持,揭示了用户自主性感知的关键权衡点。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

In this letter, we investigate whether classical function allocation-the principle of assigning tasks to either a human or a machine-holds for physical Human-Robot Collaboration, which is important for providing insights for Industry 5.0 to guide how to best augment rather than replace workers. This study empirically tests the applicability of Fitts' List within physical Human-Robot Collaboration, by conducting a user study (N=26, within-subject design) to evaluate four distinct allocations of position/force control between human and robot in an abstract blending task. We hypothesize that the function in which humans control the position achieves better performance and receives higher user ratings. When allocating position control to the human and force control to the robot, compared to the opposite case, we observed a significant improvement in preventing overblending. This was also perceived better in terms of physical demand and overall system acceptance, while participants experienced greater autonomy, more engagement and less frustration. An interesting insight was that the supervisory role (when the robot controls both position and force) was rated second best in terms of subjective acceptance. Another surprising insight was that if position control was delegated to the robot, the participants perceived much lower autonomy than when the force control was delegated to the robot. These findings empirically support applying Fitts' principles to static function allocation for physical collaboration, while also revealing important nuanced user experience trade-offs, particularly regarding perceived autonomy when delegating position control.

人机协作功能分配用户体验工业5.0

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