arXiv:2505.04978cs.RO2025-05被引 4

提出一体化实时运动-接触规划与跟踪框架,提升抓握操作的鲁棒性。

Robust Model-Based In-Hand Manipulation with Integrated Real-Time Motion-Contact Planning and Tracking

  • 分层结构实现运动与接触的联合实时规划
  • 在真实环境完成五项挑战任务,抗干扰能力强
  • 适合需要高精度抓握的机器人应用

机器人灵巧的手部操作,通过多指动态接触与脱离,迈向类人操作能力。相较于依赖大规模训练的学习方法,模型驱动方法具备在线计算优势,可免于重新训练即适应新任务。然而,由于物理接触复杂,现有方法在实时规划效率和建模误差处理上存在瓶颈。本文提出一种新型集成框架,从两方面突破:一是分层结构实现运动与接触的实时规划与跟踪;二是通过融合运动-接触建模实现联合优化。高层采用接触隐式模型预测控制,协同生成手指运动与接触力参考;低层基于手部力-运动模型与触觉反馈,实时追踪参考并补偿建模误差。实验表明,该方法在准确性、鲁棒性和实时性上均优于现有模型基方法,在真实环境中成功完成五项高难度任务,即使面对明显外部扰动亦表现稳定。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Robotic dexterous in-hand manipulation, where multiple fingers dynamically make and break contact, represents a step toward human-like dexterity in real-world robotic applications. Unlike learning-based approaches that rely on large-scale training or extensive data collection for each specific task, model-based methods offer an efficient alternative. Their online computing nature allows for ready application to new tasks without extensive retraining. However, due to the complexity of physical contacts, existing model-based methods encounter challenges in efficient online planning and handling modeling errors, which limit their practical applications. To advance the effectiveness and robustness of model-based contact-rich in-hand manipulation, this paper proposes a novel integrated framework that mitigates these limitations. The integration involves two key aspects: 1) integrated real-time planning and tracking achieved by a hierarchical structure; and 2) joint optimization of motions and contacts achieved by integrated motion-contact modeling. Specifically, at the high level, finger motion and contact force references are jointly generated using contact-implicit model predictive control. The high-level module facilitates real-time planning and disturbance recovery. At the low level, these integrated references are concurrently tracked using a hand force-motion model and actual tactile feedback. The low-level module compensates for modeling errors and enhances the robustness of manipulation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing model-based methods in terms of accuracy, robustness, and real-time performance. Our method successfully completes five challenging tasks in real-world environments, even under appreciable external disturbances.

手部操作模型预测控制触觉反馈

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