arXiv:2505.05155cs.LGcs.CR2025-05被引 1

用联邦学习保护隐私,统一处理轨迹数据的噪声与缺失问题。

FedTDP: A Privacy-Preserving and Unified Framework for Trajectory Data Preparation via Federated Learning

  • 结合大模型与联邦学习,实现隐私安全的轨迹数据预处理。
  • 在6个真实数据集上,10项任务均超越13个顶尖基线方法。
  • 适合需要保护用户位置隐私的智慧城市与交通系统研究者。

轨迹数据记录了人与车辆在时空上的移动模式,对交通优化和城市规划至关重要。然而,噪声和不完整等问题常影响数据质量,导致分析结果偏差,限制应用潜力。现有轨迹数据准备(TDP)方法存在两大缺陷:一是无法解决联邦环境下轨迹数据共享的隐私问题;二是多为特定任务设计,缺乏跨场景通用性。为此,我们提出FedTDP,一种隐私保护且统一的轨迹数据准备框架,利用大语言模型(LLMs)在联邦环境中实现TDP。具体包括:(i) 设计轨迹隐私自编码器,保障数据传输安全;(ii) 引入轨迹知识增强模块,提升模型对TDP知识的学习能力,支持构建面向TDP的大模型;(iii) 提出联邦并行优化策略,减少通信开销,实现模型并行训练。在6个真实数据集和10个主流TDP任务上的实验表明,FedTDP持续优于13个前沿基线方法。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Trajectory data, which capture the movement patterns of people and vehicles over time and space, are crucial for applications like traffic optimization and urban planning. However, issues such as noise and incompleteness often compromise data quality, leading to inaccurate trajectory analyses and limiting the potential of these applications. While Trajectory Data Preparation (TDP) can enhance data quality, existing methods suffer from two key limitations: (i) they do not address data privacy concerns, particularly in federated settings where trajectory data sharing is prohibited, and (ii) they typically design task-specific models that lack generalizability across diverse TDP scenarios. To overcome these challenges, we propose FedTDP, a privacy-preserving and unified framework that leverages the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) for TDP in federated environments. Specifically, we: (i) design a trajectory privacy autoencoder to secure data transmission and protect privacy, (ii) introduce a trajectory knowledge enhancer to improve model learning of TDP-related knowledge, enabling the development of TDP-oriented LLMs, and (iii) propose federated parallel optimization to enhance training efficiency by reducing data transmission and enabling parallel model training. Experiments on 6 real datasets and 10 mainstream TDP tasks demonstrate that FedTDP consistently outperforms 13 state-of-the-art baselines.

轨迹数据联邦学习大模型隐私保护

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