用AI构建可模拟人眼全尺度功能的数字虚拟眼。
AI-powered virtual eye: perspective, challenges and opportunities
- 整合多模态、多尺度数据，用AI建模人眼结构与动态功能。
- 支持实时反馈与预测，推动个性化眼科诊疗发展。
- 适合医学研究者、眼科医生及AI医疗开发者参考。
我们设想将'虚拟眼'作为下一代由AI驱动的平台，通过互联的基础模型，在所有尺度上模拟人眼复杂的结构与生物功能。人工智能、成像技术和多组学的进步为构建通用且高保真的数字人眼模型提供了肥沃土壤。本文回顾了从早期基于机制和规则的模型到当前以AI为核心的方法的发展历程，提出一个统一框架，融合多模态、多尺度、动态预测能力与嵌入式反馈机制。文章还提出了发展路线图，强调大规模多模态数据集、生成式AI、基础模型、基于智能体的架构以及交互界面的关键作用。尽管在可解释性、伦理、数据处理与评估方面仍面临挑战，虚拟眼有望彻底改变个性化眼科护理，并加速眼部健康与疾病的研究进程。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
We envision the "virtual eye" as a next-generation, AI-powered platform that uses interconnected foundation models to simulate the eye's intricate structure and biological function across all scales. Advances in AI, imaging, and multiomics provide a fertile ground for constructing a universal, high-fidelity digital replica of the human eye. This perspective traces the evolution from early mechanistic and rule-based models to contemporary AI-driven approaches, integrating in a unified model with multimodal, multiscale, dynamic predictive capabilities and embedded feedback mechanisms. We propose a development roadmap emphasizing the roles of large-scale multimodal datasets, generative AI, foundation models, agent-based architectures, and interactive interfaces. Despite challenges in interpretability, ethics, data processing and evaluation, the virtual eye holds the potential to revolutionize personalized ophthalmic care and accelerate research into ocular health and disease.
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