arXiv:2505.05631eess.IVcs.CV2025-05ICLR被引 9

用自监督方法在低信噪比下实现高保真MRI去噪,不依赖高质量标签。

Score-based Self-supervised MRI Denoising

  • 基于噪声图像直接建模高信噪比图像的条件期望,实现多噪声级去噪学习。
  • 在M4Raw和fastMRI数据集上优于现有自监督方法,接近监督模型表现。
  • 可扩展至多对比度去噪,兼顾去噪效果与细节保留,适合临床影像处理。

磁共振成像(MRI)是提供卓越软组织对比度和解剖细节的非侵入性诊断工具,但加速或低场采集中的噪声会显著降低图像质量与诊断准确性。基于监督学习的去噪方法虽性能优异,但需高信噪比标签,往往不可得。自监督学习虽有望解决标签稀缺问题,但现有方法常过度平滑细部特征,性能仍不及监督方法。本文提出新型基于分数的自监督框架C2S,核心为广义去噪分数匹配(GDSM)损失,通过建模给定更严重污染观测值时更高信噪比图像的条件期望,使模型能直接从噪声数据中学习跨多噪声等级的去噪能力。此外,引入噪声等级重参数化以稳定训练并提升收敛性,并设计细节精修模块平衡去噪与细节保留。同时,可通过融合不同MRI对比度信息扩展至多对比度去噪。实验表明,C2S在M4Raw与fastMRI数据集上均达到自监督方法的最先进水平,且在多种噪声条件与对比度下表现媲美监督模型。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful noninvasive diagnostic imaging tool that provides unparalleled soft tissue contrast and anatomical detail. Noise contamination, especially in accelerated and/or low-field acquisitions, can significantly degrade image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Supervised learning based denoising approaches have achieved impressive performance but require high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) labels, which are often unavailable. Self-supervised learning holds promise to address the label scarcity issue, but existing self-supervised denoising methods tend to oversmooth fine spatial features and often yield inferior performance than supervised methods. We introduce Corruption2Self (C2S), a novel score-based self-supervised framework for MRI denoising. At the core of C2S is a generalized denoising score matching (GDSM) loss, which extends denoising score matching to work directly with noisy observations by modeling the conditional expectation of higher-SNR images given further corrupted observations. This allows the model to effectively learn denoising across multiple noise levels directly from noisy data. Additionally, we incorporate a reparameterization of noise levels to stabilize training and enhance convergence, and introduce a detail refinement extension to balance noise reduction with the preservation of fine spatial features. Moreover, C2S can be extended to multi-contrast denoising by leveraging complementary information across different MRI contrasts. We demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance among self-supervised methods and competitive results compared to supervised counterparts across varying noise conditions and MRI contrasts on the M4Raw and fastMRI dataset.

MRI去噪自监督学习分数匹配医学影像

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