通过用户实时反馈优化空调系统,兼顾舒适与节能。
Human-in-the-Loop AI for HVAC Management Enhancing Comfort and Energy Efficiency
- 引入用户反馈动态调整空调运行,无需预设参数。
- 模拟显示能耗成本显著降低,舒适度不降反升。
- 适合关注智能建筑节能与个性化体验的从业者。
全球建筑能源消耗中约38%来自暖通空调(HVAC)系统,是能耗最密集的服务之一。随着对能效和可持续性的重视,传统HVAC系统难以根据实时电价或个体舒适偏好动态调节,导致能源成本上升、舒适度下降。为此,我们提出一种人机协同(Human-in-the-Loop, HITL)人工智能框架,结合实时用户反馈与电价波动,优化空调运行。该方法不依赖预先设定的占用情况或舒适度信息,而是通过强化学习持续学习并适应用户输入。整合占用预测模型后,系统可响应电力市场变化,提升运行效率,支持需求响应。仿真结果表明,相比基线方法,本方案在维持或提升舒适度的同时显著降低能源成本,实现个人化舒适控制,提供兼顾经济性与环保目标的可扩展解决方案。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems account for approximately 38% of building energy consumption globally, making them one of the most energy-intensive services. The increasing emphasis on energy efficiency and sustainability, combined with the need for enhanced occupant comfort, presents a significant challenge for traditional HVAC systems. These systems often fail to dynamically adjust to real-time changes in electricity market rates or individual comfort preferences, leading to increased energy costs and reduced comfort. In response, we propose a Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) Artificial Intelligence framework that optimizes HVAC performance by incorporating real-time user feedback and responding to fluctuating electricity prices. Unlike conventional systems that require predefined information about occupancy or comfort levels, our approach learns and adapts based on ongoing user input. By integrating the occupancy prediction model with reinforcement learning, the system improves operational efficiency and reduces energy costs in line with electricity market dynamics, thereby contributing to demand response initiatives. Through simulations, we demonstrate that our method achieves significant cost reductions compared to baseline approaches while maintaining or enhancing occupant comfort. This feedback-driven approach ensures personalized comfort control without the need for predefined settings, offering a scalable solution that balances individual preferences with economic and environmental goals.
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