arXiv:2505.07054eess.SYcs.LG2025-05被引 2

YANNs用神经网络精确表示分段线性函数,无需训练且保证控制稳定性。

YANNs: Y-wise Affine Neural Networks for Exact and Efficient Representations of Piecewise Linear Functions

  • 基于分段仿射结构设计可解释网络,直接编码分段函数
  • 在多参数预测控制中实现最优控制律的精确表达,无近似误差
  • 适合对安全性要求高的实时控制场景,如自动驾驶、工业自动化

本文正式提出一种名为 Y-wise Affine Neural Networks (YANNs) 的全可解释网络架构,能够连续且高效地表示具有多面体子域的分段仿射函数。理论证明表明,构建 YANNs 无需训练即可获得与原函数等价的表示形式,从而完整保留原始公式的数学性质。以多参数模型预测控制为例,其最优控制律理论上为状态、输出、设定值和扰动的分段仿射函数。通过精确表示此类控制律,YANNs 保持了递归可行性与稳定性等关键控制理论保障。这使其区别于以往通过神经网络近似最优控制律的研究。通过优化推理速度,YANNs 在实时计算中显著快于传统分段仿射函数求解方法。数值案例验证了其在输入/输出维度和子域数量上的算法可扩展性。YANNs 是首个内在保证可行性和稳定性的神经网络控制器,未来可用于数据驱动建模与控制的高效可解释起点。

原文摘要 · Abstract (English)

This work formally introduces Y-wise Affine Neural Networks (YANNs), a fully-explainable network architecture that continuously and efficiently represent piecewise affine functions with polytopic subdomains. Following from the proofs, it is shown that the development of YANNs requires no training to achieve the functionally equivalent representation. YANNs thus maintain all mathematical properties of the original formulations. Multi-parametric model predictive control is utilized as an application showcase of YANNs, which theoretically computes optimal control laws as a piecewise affine function of states, outputs, setpoints, and disturbances. With the exact representation of multi-parametric control laws, YANNs retain essential control-theoretic guarantees such as recursive feasibility and stability. This sets YANNs apart from the existing works which apply neural networks for approximating optimal control laws instead of exactly representing them. By optimizing the inference speed of the networks, YANNs can evaluate substantially faster in real-time compared to traditional piecewise affine function calculations. Numerical case studies are presented to demonstrate the algorithmic scalability with respect to the input/output dimensions and the number of subdomains. YANNs represent a significant advancement in control as the first neural network-based controller that inherently ensures both feasibility and stability. Future applications can leverage them as an efficient and interpretable starting point for data-driven modeling/control.

控制理论神经网络可解释性分段线性

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