用AI生成初始解,结合迭代优化提升医学图像重建质量。
An incremental algorithm for non-convex AI-enhanced medical image processing
- 用深度网络提供高质量初始值,再通过增量优化逐步精修。
- 在多种医学图像数据上表现优于传统方法和纯深度学习模型。
- 无需真实标签也能训练,适合缺乏标注的临床场景。
求解非凸正则化逆问题因优化空间复杂、存在多个局部极小值而极具挑战性,但这类模型在医学成像中仍被广泛研究,因其能增强临床相关特征而非仅最小化全局误差。本文提出incDG,一种融合深度学习与增量模型驱动优化的混合框架,用于高效逼近成像逆问题的ℓ₀最优解。基于Deep Guess策略,incDG利用深度神经网络生成非凸变分求解器的有效初始化,并通过正则化增量迭代进行重构优化。该设计结合了人工智能工具的高效性与模型驱动优化的理论保证,确保了鲁棒性和稳定性。我们在TpV正则化优化任务上验证了incDG,涵盖合成图像、脑部CT切片及胸腹扫描等多种数据集,结果表明其在医学图像去模糊与断层重建中均显著优于传统迭代求解器和深度学习方法,兼具更高精度与更强稳定性。此外,我们证实即使不使用真实标签训练,incDG性能也未明显下降,使其成为解决成像等领域非凸逆问题的实用且强大的工具。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Solving non-convex regularized inverse problems is challenging due to their complex optimization landscapes and multiple local minima. However, these models remain widely studied as they often yield high-quality, task-oriented solutions, particularly in medical imaging, where the goal is to enhance clinically relevant features rather than merely minimizing global error. We propose incDG, a hybrid framework that integrates deep learning with incremental model-based optimization to efficiently approximate the $\ell_0$-optimal solution of imaging inverse problems. Built on the Deep Guess strategy, incDG exploits a deep neural network to generate effective initializations for a non-convex variational solver, which refines the reconstruction through regularized incremental iterations. This design combines the efficiency of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools with the theoretical guarantees of model-based optimization, ensuring robustness and stability. We validate incDG on TpV-regularized optimization tasks, demonstrating its effectiveness in medical image deblurring and tomographic reconstruction across diverse datasets, including synthetic images, brain CT slices, and chest-abdomen scans. Results show that incDG outperforms both conventional iterative solvers and deep learning-based methods, achieving superior accuracy and stability. Moreover, we confirm that training incDG without ground truth does not significantly degrade performance, making it a practical and powerful tool for solving non-convex inverse problems in imaging and beyond.
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