用AI助手帮人提前规划临终医疗选择，提升认知与决策信心
PreCare: Designing AI Assistants for Advance Care Planning (ACP) to Enhance Personal Value Exploration, Patient Knowledge, and Decisional Confidence
- 设计三类AI助手引导用户探索个人价值观、学习ACP知识、辅助决策
- 用户测试显示系统易用性优秀，92%受访者更偏好该工具
- 适合希望提前规划医疗意愿的普通人和临床工作者参考
临终关怀规划（ACP）允许个体在丧失行为能力前明确自己对生命维持治疗的偏好。尽管在线ACP具有高可及性，但缺乏临床咨询中个性化价值探索和即时澄清决策后果等优势。为此，我们开展了两项前期研究：1）观察并访谈3个由医生、护士和社会工作者组成的ACP团队（共18名患者），2）访谈14名ACP网站使用者。基于这些发现，我们与6位ACP专业人员合作设计了PreCare——一个集成三种AI助手的网站，旨在引导用户探索个人价值观、获取ACP知识并支持知情决策。可用性测试（n=12）显示其系统可用性量表（SUS）评分优秀。对比评估（n=12）表明，使用PreCare的用户在个人价值探索、知识掌握和决策自信方面均有显著提升，且92%参与者更偏好该系统。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
Advance Care Planning (ACP) allows individuals to specify their preferred end-of-life life-sustaining treatments before they become incapacitated by injury or terminal illness (e.g., coma, cancer, dementia). While online ACP offers high accessibility, it lacks key benefits of clinical consultations, including personalized value exploration, immediate clarification of decision consequences. To bridge this gap, we conducted two formative studies: 1) shadowed and interviewed 3 ACP teams consisting of physicians, nurses, and social workers (18 patients total), and 2) interviewed 14 users of ACP websites. Building on these insights, we designed PreCare in collaboration with 6 ACP professionals. PreCare is a website with 3 AI-driven assistants designed to guide users through exploring personal values, gaining ACP knowledge, and supporting informed decision-making. A usability study (n=12) showed that PreCare achieved a System Usability Scale (SUS) rating of excellent. A comparative evaluation (n=12) showed that PreCare's AI assistants significantly improved exploration of personal values, knowledge, and decisional confidence, and was preferred by 92% of participants.
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