用任意激光雷达引导扩散模型,无须配对数据即可提升雷达点云分辨率。
Unsupervised Radar Point Cloud Enhancement via Arbitrary LiDAR Guided Diffusion Prior
- 将雷达角度估计设为逆问题,用任意激光雷达知识引导扩散模型作为先验
- 在无配对数据下达到与有监督方法相当的高保真度和低噪声表现
- 首次实现基于扩散模型的雷达点云增强,适合缺乏标注数据的工业场景
在工业自动化中,雷达是机器感知的关键传感器。然而,雷达的角度分辨率受瑞利准则限制,取决于工作波长和天线阵列的有效孔径。为克服这些硬件限制,近期基于神经网络的方法利用训练时的高分辨率激光雷达数据与雷达测量结果配对,以提升雷达点云分辨率。但此类方法需大量配对数据,获取成本高且易受标定误差影响。为此,我们提出一种无需配对数据的无监督雷达点云增强算法,采用任意激光雷达引导的扩散模型作为先验。具体而言,将雷达角度估计恢复建模为逆问题,并通过包含任意激光雷达领域知识的扩散模型引入先验信息。实验表明,该方法在保真度和噪声控制方面优于传统正则化技术,且性能可媲美有监督方法,同时具备更强泛化能力。据我们所知,这是首个通过扩散模型整合先验知识而非依赖配对数据的雷达点云增强方法。代码已开源:https://github.com/yyxr75/RadarINV。
原文摘要 · Abstract (English)
In industrial automation, radar is a critical sensor in machine perception. However, the angular resolution of radar is inherently limited by the Rayleigh criterion, which depends on both the radar's operating wavelength and the effective aperture of its antenna array.To overcome these hardware-imposed limitations, recent neural network-based methods have leveraged high-resolution LiDAR data, paired with radar measurements, during training to enhance radar point cloud resolution. While effective, these approaches require extensive paired datasets, which are costly to acquire and prone to calibration error. These challenges motivate the need for methods that can improve radar resolution without relying on paired high-resolution ground-truth data. Here, we introduce an unsupervised radar points enhancement algorithm that employs an arbitrary LiDAR-guided diffusion model as a prior without the need for paired training data. Specifically, our approach formulates radar angle estimation recovery as an inverse problem and incorporates prior knowledge through a diffusion model with arbitrary LiDAR domain knowledge. Experimental results demonstrate that our method attains high fidelity and low noise performance compared to traditional regularization techniques. Additionally, compared to paired training methods, it not only achieves comparable performance but also offers improved generalization capability. To our knowledge, this is the first approach that enhances radar points output by integrating prior knowledge via a diffusion model rather than relying on paired training data. Our code is available at https://github.com/yyxr75/RadarINV.
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